PAT A1036. Boys vs Girls (25)

1036 Boys vs Girls (25 分)
This time you are asked to tell the difference between the lowest grade of all the male students and the highest grade of all the female students.

Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case contains a positive integer N, followed by N lines of student information. Each line contains a student’s name, gender, ID and grade, separated by a space, where name and ID are strings of no more than 10 characters with no space, gender is either F (female) or M (male), and grade is an integer between 0 and 100. It is guaranteed that all the grades are distinct.

Output Specification:
For each test case, output in 3 lines. The first line gives the name and ID of the female student with the highest grade, and the second line gives that of the male student with the lowest grade. The third line gives the difference gradeF−grade​M​​ . If one such kind of student is missing, output Absent in the corresponding line, and output NA in the third line instead.

Sample Input 1:
3
Joe M Math990112 89
Mike M CS991301 100
Mary F EE990830 95
Sample Output 1:
Mary EE990830
Joe Math990112
6
Sample Input 2:
1
Jean M AA980920 60
Sample Output 2:
Absent
Jean AA980920
NA

题意：

给出n个同学信息，找出最高分女生和最低分男生，并输出他们之间的差，若不存在男生或女生，则在对应位置输出Absent ，同时他们之间的差输出NA。

思路：

定义people型结构体，male，female，temp分别表示最低分男生，最高分女性，和临时数据存放。
main函数中先初始化判断边界，int型变量n用来接收输入人数，char型变量gender用来存放当前输入人的性别。
第一个for循环接收输入每行的数据，通过性别进行不同的判断，男生找最小值并更新male，女生找最大值并更新female。for循环结束后若male的分数还是边界，说明没有男生输入，若female的分数还是边界，说明没有女生输入。最后按题目要求的格式进行输出即可。

参考代码：

#include <cstdio>
struct people{
	char name[20];
	char id[20];
	int score;
}male,female,temp;
int main(){
	male.score=101,female.score=-1;
	int n;
	scanf("%d",&n); 
	char gender;//接收输入的性别；
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		scanf("%s %c %s %d",&temp.name,&gender,&temp.id,&temp.score);
		if(gender=='M'&&temp.score<male.score) male=temp;
		if(gender=='F'&&temp.score>female.score) female=temp; 
	}
	if(female.score==-1) printf("Absent\n");
	else printf("%s %s\n",female.name,female.id);
	if(male.score==101) printf("Absent\n");
	else printf("%s %s\n",male.name,male.id);
	if (male.score==101||female.score==-1) printf("NA");
	else printf("%d",female.score-male.score);
	return 0;
}

点评：

①此题属于查找元素型，英文题意不难理解，按题意查找即可。
②定义结构体是此类题型的标准做法。