软件实习项目1——计算器的设计与实现（主窗口及启动文件——calculator_window.py，main.py）

主窗口以及信号和槽： calculator_window.py
程序启动： main.py

关键点：6个自定义槽函数的编写，包含了对输入运算符的判断

main.py

from calculator_window import CalculatorWindow
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
import sys

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # application 对象
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    calculator = CalculatorWindow()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

calculator_window.py

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QColor
import ctypes
from calculator import Ui_YinYueCalculator
from transfer import transfer
from postfix_evaluation import postfix_evaluation


class CalculatorWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_YinYueCalculator):
    # static变量
    original_expression = ""  # 存放需要计算的原始表达式
    history_expression = ""  # 存放历史记录表达式及结果
    dot_num = 0  # 记录有几个小数点

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.setWindowTitle('YinYueCalculator')  # 设置窗口标题
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('1.jpg'))  # 设置窗口图标
        self.setStyleSheet('QWidget{background-color:%s}' % QColor(222, 222, 222).name())  # 设置窗口背景色
        self.setWindowOpacity(0.85)  # 设置整个计算器窗口的透明度
        ctypes.windll.shell32.SetCurrentProcessExplicitAppUserModelID("myappid")  # 任务栏图标
        self.show()

        # 将信号连接上槽函数
        # 操作数按钮的连接
        self.num0.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num1.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num2.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num3.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num4.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num5.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num6.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num7.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num8.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.num9.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)

        # 运算符按钮的连接
        self.plus.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.minus.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.multiply.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.devide.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.leftbracket.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.rightbracket.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)
        self.dot.clicked.connect(self.digit_operation_pressed)

        # 等于号按钮的连接
        self.equal.clicked.connect(self.equal_pressed)

        # 清空符号C按钮的连接
        self.c.clicked.connect(self.clear_all_pressed)

        # 历史记录history按钮的连接
        self.history.clicked.connect(self.show_history)

        # backspace按钮的连接
        self.backspace.clicked.connect(self.backspace_pressed)

    # 操作数和运算符的槽函数
    def digit_operation_pressed(self):
        self.any_pressed()  # 调用全局槽函数
        button = self.sender()
        # 开头不允许是"+×÷)."
        if self.original_expression == "" and button.text() in "+×÷).":
            pass
        else:
            self.output.setText(self.output.text() + button.text())  # 设置显示文字
            self.original_expression = self.output.text()  # 加入原始表达式
            if button.text() == ".":
                self.dot_num = self.dot_num + 1  # 小数点个数加一
            if button.text() in "+-×÷()":
                self.dot_num = 0  # 小数点个数清零
            # "."不允许跟在运算符和"."之后
            if button.text() in "." and self.original_expression[-2] in "+-×÷().":
                self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-1]  # 从原始表达式中移除最后一个
                self.output.setText(self.original_expression)
            # "+×÷)"不能跟在"+×÷("之后
            elif button.text() in "+×÷)" and self.original_expression[-2] in "+×÷(.":
                self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-2] + button.text()  # 当前运算符替换上一个
                self.output.setText(self.original_expression)
            # "("不能跟在")."之后
            elif len(self.original_expression) > 1 and button.text() in "(" and self.original_expression[-2] in ").":
                self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-1]  # 从原始表达式中移除最后一个
                self.output.setText(self.original_expression)
            # 小数点个数大于一时删除最后一个小数点
            elif button.text() == "." and self.dot_num > 1:
                self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-1]  # 从原始表达式中移除"."
                self.output.setText(self.original_expression)
                self.dot_num = self.dot_num - 1

    # 等于号获取最终结果的槽函数
    def equal_pressed(self):
        if self.original_expression[-1] in "+-×÷.(" or self.original_expression == "" or self.output.text() == "":
            pass
        else:
            button = self.sender()
            self.output.setText(self.output.text() + button.text())
            infix = self.original_expression  # 将原始表达式赋值给infix
            postfix, operand = transfer(infix)  # 中缀表达式infix作为实参传递给transfer函数获取后缀表达式postfix和对应字典
            final_result = postfix_evaluation(postfix, operand)  # 调用postfix_evaluation函数获取最终计算结果
            result = str("%.2f" % final_result)  # 将结果保留两位小数
            self.output.setText(result)
            self.history_expression = self.original_expression + button.text() + result  # 将表达式和结果放进历史记录
            self.original_expression = ""  # 原始表达式清空
            self.dot_num = 0

    # C清空的槽函数
    def clear_all_pressed(self):
        self.output.setText("")
        self.original_expression = ""
        self.dot_num = 0

    # 历史记录槽函数
    def show_history(self):
        if self.history_expression == "":
            self.output.setText("NO HISTORY")
        else:
            self.output.setText(self.history_expression)

    # backspace槽函数
    def backspace_pressed(self):
        if self.original_expression == "" and self.output.text() != "":
            self.output.setText("")
            self.dot_num = 0
        elif self.original_expression[-1] == ".":
            self.dot_num = self.dot_num - 1
            self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-1]  # 删除原始表达式最后一个
            self.output.setText(self.original_expression)
        else:
            self.original_expression = self.original_expression[:-1]  # 删除原始表达式最后一个
            self.output.setText(self.original_expression)

    # 全局槽函数
    def any_pressed(self):
        # 原始表达式为空，但显示框有值（表明显示框中是历史记录或"NO HISTORY"）
        if self.original_expression == "" and self.output.text != "":
            self.output.setText("")

——2020/12/5（殷越）