请大家想一想,英语是谁发明的?英国人呗!英国人认不认识汉语?不认识!那么英国人在学英语单词的时候需不需要记住单词的汉语意思?不需要,英国人的英语课本里根本就没有汉字,何谈记住单词的汉语意思?那么既然英国人学英语不需要记住(甚至根本就见不到)单词的汉语意思,那么中国人学英语为什么要去记住单词的汉语意思呢?这种做法大家不觉得奇怪吗?
那么接下来的问题是,英语里有多少个“偏旁部首”,怎样知道和学会它们?
超实用——终于有人把英语单词常见前缀后缀整理齐全啦!
单词速记法
1.联想法
2.词根词缀法
英文单词和意思建立逻辑关系,建立联系,形成画面感,学方法的目的是记单词,方法只是一个途径,记住单词要英文单词和中文建立联系,人类对图像感知效率高于符号感知效率
英文单词和汉字之间要建立联系,看到一个陌生的单词,先找熟悉的部分,看到单词==反映出表达的意思单词记不住是因为你短期的强硬的记忆,没有任何的联系
看一个单词要看到这个单词的画面,Aviation,航空,看到这个单词要有航空的感觉
联想法只能记住单个单词,偏旁部首法(词根词缀)记住一批单词
前缀后缀常用的各50个,词根常用200个,大概排列组合的单词有五十万个,有些单词没前缀,这样排列组合的单词多于五十万个,例如
television 电视机,tele远,vi看,sion表单词词性
telephone 手机,tele远,phone声音
human 人类,hum泥土,泥土造人,inhume 埋葬 放入泥土里,exhume 挖掘 从泥土里挖出
ous结尾的是表形容词,词根词缀就是偏旁部首,al,ation结尾表名词,le结尾表动词
一.联想法
Pregnant ---(扑来个男的)----怀孕的
Ambulance –(俺不能死)--------救护车
Ponderous—(胖得要死)--------笨重的
Ambition -----(俺必胜) ----------雄心壮志
Agony-------- (爱过你) ----------极大痛苦
Hermit ------ (何觅他)--------- -隐士
Coffin ------(靠坟)------------棺材
Morbid-----(毛病的)---------病态的
Lynch -----(凌迟)------------死刑处死
Tantrum---(太蠢)-----------发脾气
Shabby---(傻B) ------------卑鄙的破旧的
Gauche---(狗屎)-----------粗鲁的
- 词根词缀法
词根词缀总量几千多个,高频的257个,词根词缀是记忆单词的工具,黑猫白猫抓住老鼠就是好猫,
英语没有精准中文意思所以记单词不要记特别精准的中文翻译,记住这些需要不断巩固,强化,复习(一般刷七次),单词书,读文章
记单词步骤
- 认识词根词缀
- 根据词根词缀拆分单词
- 建立联系
- 和工作生活(你熟悉的部分)相结合,让例子生活化
词缀:词的点缀,修饰,可点缀可不点缀,后缀解决词性,前缀表示大小方向,程度,前缀和词根共同解决单词含义问题
词根:词的根本,看到什么就知道和什么相关,单音节没有偏旁部首,发音阶段
通假:音变,搞错了,发音像长得像,意思不变,表示一类,比如Fac-,fact/fect/fict/fec/fic/fig 做,
辅音不能随便换,只有音变对应关系才能变,才不影响意思,
hale,pale,male,whale,从上可知,ale三个字母不能决定单词的意思,辅音字母决定单词意思,所以不能随意换,辅音主表意,
音变关系:g-ct,act=ag 做
元音随意互换,意思不变,man-men,tooth-teeth,元音是主要的核心,元音主发音,
五组通假关系
- t-d-s
cad-/cid-/cas-/cat- 落下,元音任意互换,tds任意换一个意思
- b-p-f-v
- i-m-n-r
- u-v-w
- g-h-k
索引
索引 |
词根词缀 |
A |
ab/abs, ac/acr, aer/aero, am , ambi/ambul, anim-, ann/enn , ant/anti, ante , anthrop, aqu, arm, art, aud, aut/auto, ab/ac/ad/af/ag/an/ap/ar/ as/ at, ad, an, abl/abili, ag/act , amphi , ana, apo , agri , audi , alt, arch/archy , avi, |
B |
bell , bene, bi/bin, bio, be, by, brev , bat , biblio, brig, bol, |
C |
cad/cas/cid/cat, cant , capit/cap/cip, carn , cata, ced/cess , cent, centr/center, cept/cipt/cip, chron, circu/circum , cid/cis/cut , cla m/claim , clus/clud/clos, co, cod/code, contra , cord , corp/corpor, cosm(o), cred, crim, crit , crypt, culp, cult , cur, curr/curs/cour/ccurs, col/ cor, com/con, counter, circ/cirl , clar , cogn, cond, cruc , cad/cas , cert , clin , cracy/crat, cub, cup, creas/cre/cret/cru , |
D |
de , dec/deca, dem/demo , derm, di/du/dup/doub , dict, dis, doc/doct, dom, duc/duct , dynam, dys, deci , demi, dia , dif , dent, dict , dit , don/do/dow, dexter, dorm , drom, |
E |
endo, epi, equ, err, eu, ev, extra, e/ef, em/ en, ex, exo , ed , ego, enn/ann , |
F |
fac,/fact/fect/fict/fec/fic/fig, fall, fid, fig/fic, fin, flect/flex, flu/flow, form, fort , fract/break/frag , fug, funct , fore , fer/pher/phor, flor , fus , fabl/fabul, feder, ferv, fil, flat, flect/flex, flict, frig, fug, fund/found, |
G |
gen , geo, gni/gno/kno , grad, graph , grat , grav , gre/cret/creas , greg, gram , gress , gam, gran, gyn/gynec(o), |
H |
hemi/semi , her/hes , hol/holo , hypo , hydr , hyper, hecto , hepta, hetero, hexa , homo, habit, hibit , hospit , hal, helic(o), harm , |
I |
iatr, icon, idio, inter, idea/ideo, itis, il/ir, im/in, intra , infra, intro , iso, insul , it , ign, integr, |
J |
ject, junct/join, jur, juven , |
K |
kilo , kin , kno , |
L |
later , leg/egal/legis , lev, lingu , olog , long, loqu/log, luc/lustr , lumin , lect , liber , liter , loc , lun , later, |
M |
mal /male, mand, man, mark , matr(i)/mater/metro, med , meta , metr/meter, micro , milli/mill, mini/ninu, mis, mono, mor/mort, mot/mat/mob/mov, multi, mur, mut, macro , manu/man , mar, medi , memor , merg , migr, milit, mir , miss , momin , magn(i), mega, mens, ment, min, misc, mis(o), mon, morph/form, |
N |
nat , nect /nex , neg , neo , norm , nov , nul/null , numer, noc/nox, non , nav, negr/nigr, nihil, noct(i), nutri, |
O |
opt/op/ops , onym , over, ob , octa(o) , omni , omin, out , oper , ori , orn, ot, |
P |
pact, pan, par, para, part , pater/patr(i), path/pass , ped , ped, pel/pull/puls/pull , pen/pun, pend/penis, per, peri, phil(o), phob(ia), phon, photo, plac, ple/plen, polis/polit/polic, poly, popul, port, pos, post, pot, pre, prec/prais , prehend/pehens , prim, pro, prob, prot/proto, prop/propri, psych, punc/punct, pur/purg , put , paleo , penta, pseudo, paci , pet , pict , plic , pon , pol , popul , preci , parl, past, paht(o)/pathy, petr(o), phag, phor/fer, plex, peps/pes , |
Q |
quadr(i)/quart/quadru , quis/ques, quasi , |
R |
re, rect , reg, retro, rupt , radic, ras/rad, rid/ris, rod/ros, rot, rud, rur/rus, |
S |
sanct, scend, sci, scop, scrib/scrip/script, sens/sent, sequ/secut/sec, serv, serv, sign, simil/simul, solu/solv, son, soph, spect, spher, spir , strat, strict/strain/string, stru/struct , sub , super, sur, surg, syn/sym , se , semi , sept/septi, sex/sexi, step , stereo, suc/ suf/ sup/ sur/sus/sub, supra, sur , sus , sal , sect , sent , sid, sist , sat/satis/satur, sen, sol, soci , sper, spers/spars, splend, stell, |
T |
tang/tact/tag, techni/techno , tele, temper/tempor, ten/tenu, term/termin, terr, the(o) , tim , text, therm/thermo, tom , top , tort, toxi, tract , trans, tri, trib/tribute , ot(o) , turb, tut/tuit , tetra , twi, tail, tain/tan/tin, tect , tend , tact/tag, ton/ten/tend , tour, trud/trus, |
U |
umbr, und, uni, urb, ultra, un, under, ut/us, |
V |
val , ver(i), verb , vert/vers , vest, vir , vis , vid, viv, vig , voc/vok/vow/voic/vouc, volu/volv, vor, vice, vac/vacu, vad , vari , ven/vent , vi/via, vit , vag, van, vol/volunt/will, |