使用Shell脚本微调大型模型**

示例：使用Shell脚本微调大型模型

假设我们有一个数据集，要在ResNet50模型基础上微调以进行分类任务。

1. 准备数据和环境

在准备数据时，通常需要将数据集组织成训练集和验证集，并确保数据路径和格式符合模型的输入要求。

# 创建训练数据和验证数据的目录
mkdir data
mkdir data/train
mkdir data/val

# 将数据集拷贝到相应目录（示例中假设数据集已经准备好）
cp path_to_train_data/* data/train/
cp path_to_val_data/* data/val/

2. 编写Shell脚本

创建一个Shell脚本（例如train.sh），用于设置训练参数、启动训练过程和保存模型。

#!/bin/bash

# 设置训练参数
epochs=10
batch_size=32
learning_rate=0.001
model_dir="saved_models/resnet50_finetuned"

# 训练命令
python train.py \
    --epochs $epochs \
    --batch_size $batch_size \
    --learning_rate $learning_rate \
    --model_dir $model_dir \
    --train_data_dir "data/train" \
    --val_data_dir "data/val"

3. 编写训练脚本（train.py）

在Shell脚本中调用Python脚本（例如train.py），用于定义模型、训练循环、评估和保存模型。

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.applications import ResNet50
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense, GlobalAveragePooling2D
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator

def build_model(num_classes):
    base_model = ResNet50(weights='imagenet', include_top=False)
    x = base_model.output
    x = GlobalAveragePooling2D()(x)
    x = Dense(1024, activation='relu')(x)
    predictions = Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax')(x)
    model = tf.keras.Model(inputs=base_model.input, outputs=predictions)
    return model

def train_model(train_data_dir, val_data_dir, epochs, batch_size, learning_rate, model_dir):
    train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
    train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        train_data_dir,
        target_size=(224, 224),
        batch_size=batch_size,
        class_mode='categorical'
    )

    val_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
    val_generator = val_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        val_data_dir,
        target_size=(224, 224),
        batch_size=batch_size,
        class_mode='categorical'
    )

    model = build_model(num_classes=len(train_generator.class_indices))
    model.compile(optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(lr=learning_rate),
                  loss='categorical_crossentropy',
                  metrics=['accuracy'])

    model.fit(train_generator,
              epochs=epochs,
              validation_data=val_generator)

    # 保存模型
    model.save(model_dir)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import argparse
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('--epochs', type=int, default=10, help='Number of epochs for training')
    parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=32, help='Batch size for training')
    parser.add_argument('--learning_rate', type=float, default=0.001, help='Learning rate for training')
    parser.add_argument('--model_dir', type=str, default='saved_models/resnet50_finetuned', help='Directory to save trained model')
    parser.add_argument('--train_data_dir', type=str, required=True, help='Directory containing training data')
    parser.add_argument('--val_data_dir', type=str, required=True, help='Directory containing validation data')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    train_model(args.train_data_dir, args.val_data_dir, args.epochs, args.batch_size, args.learning_rate, args.model_dir)

4. 执行训练

通过运行Shell脚本来启动训练过程：

bash train.sh