C++内存池：针对某一特定的类内存池实现

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已于 2023-04-29 16:40:57 修改

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文章标签： c++ 开发语言

于 2023-04-28 16:00:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45605304/article/details/130427881

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文章展示了如何在C++中重载new和delete操作符，以实现自定义的内存管理策略。通过创建一个CTeacher类，作者演示了如何动态分配和释放内存，减少内存浪费并提高内存分配速度。测试结果显示，这种方法比使用malloc有显著的性能提升。

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该项目由三个文件组成

Overload_NewAndDeleteOperators.h文件源代码如下：

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class CTeacher
{
public:
	CTeacher();
	~CTeacher();

	/// <summary>
	/// 重载new操作符
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="_Size"></param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	static void* operator new(size_t _Size);

	/// <summary>
	/// 重载delete操作符
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="_Head"></param>
	static void operator delete(void* _Ptr);

	static size_t m_unNewCount;//调用new的次数
	static size_t m_unMallocCount;//调用malloc的次数
private:
	CTeacher* m_pcNext;
	static CTeacher* m_pcCanAllocMemory;//可以分配的内存地址
	static size_t m_unMemoryMul;//分配内存块的大小为该类的倍数
};

Overload_NewAndDeleteOperators.cpp文件源代码如下：

#include"Overload_NewAndDeleteOperators.h"

CTeacher::CTeacher()
{
}

CTeacher::~CTeacher()
{
}

size_t CTeacher::m_unNewCount = 0;//调用new的次数
size_t CTeacher::m_unMallocCount = 0;//调用malloc的次数
CTeacher* CTeacher::m_pcCanAllocMemory = nullptr;//可以分配的内存地址
size_t CTeacher::m_unMemoryMul = 100;//分配内存块的大小为该类的倍数

//#define _QR_Test

void* CTeacher::operator new(size_t _Size)
{
//#ifdef _QR_Test
//	return reinterpret_cast<CTeacher*>(new char[sizeof(CTeacher)]);
//#endif // _QR_Test

	CTeacher* pcTeacher = nullptr;

	if (!m_pcCanAllocMemory)//如果之前分配的内存空间已经使用完毕
	{
		m_pcCanAllocMemory = reinterpret_cast<CTeacher*>(new char[_Size * m_unMemoryMul]);//向操作系统申请内存
		pcTeacher = m_pcCanAllocMemory;

		while (pcTeacher!= &m_pcCanAllocMemory[m_unMemoryMul - 1])//将分配好的内存链接起来，供后续分配使用s
		{
			pcTeacher->m_pcNext = pcTeacher + 1;
			pcTeacher++;
		}

		pcTeacher->m_pcNext = nullptr;
		m_unMallocCount++;
	}

	pcTeacher = m_pcCanAllocMemory;
	m_pcCanAllocMemory = m_pcCanAllocMemory->m_pcNext;

	m_unNewCount++;
	return pcTeacher;
}

void CTeacher::operator delete(void* _Ptr)
{
	(static_cast<CTeacher*>(_Ptr))->m_pcNext = m_pcCanAllocMemory;
	m_pcCanAllocMemory = static_cast<CTeacher*>(_Ptr);
}

测试程序代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<ctime>

#include"Overload_NewAndDeleteOperators.h"

using namespace std;

//减少了大量的内存浪费，malloc速度大概提升9倍
void Test01()
{
	clock_t lStartTime =  clock();

	for (size_t i = 0; i < 5000'000; i++)
	{
		CTeacher* cTeaher = new CTeacher();
		delete cTeaher;
	}
	
	cout << "new次数：" << CTeacher::m_unNewCount << "	malloc次数：" << CTeacher::m_unMallocCount << "	new的时间为：" << clock() - lStartTime << "ms"  << endl;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	Test01();

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

使用该代码测试结果：