OpenCV31---点多边形测试

三十一、点多边形测试

1、概念介绍
测试一个点是否在给定的多边形内部、边缘或者外部

2、API介绍cv::pointPolygonTest

pointPolygonTest(
InputArray contours,//输入的轮廓
Point2f pt,//测试点
bool meatureDist//是否返回距离值，如果是false,1表示在内面，0表示在边界上，-1表示在外部，如果是true返回实际距离，外部为负值，内部为正值，返回数据为double类型
)

3、步骤

• 构建一张400*400大小的图像Mat::zeros(400, 400, CV_8UC1)
• 画上一个六边形的闭合区域line
• 发现轮廓findContours
• 对图像中所有像素点做点多边形测试，得到距离pointPolygonTest
• 归一化后显示

示例代码：（生成距离图）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    const int r = 100;
    Mat src = Mat::zeros(r * 4, r * 4, CV_8UC1);//创建一张400*400的单通道黑色图像= imread("添加图片路径")；
    
    vector<Point2f> vert(6);//定义6个点坐标
    vert[0] = Point(3 * r / 2, static_cast<int>(1.34*r));
    vert[1] = Point(1 * r, 2 * r);
    vert[2] = Point(3 * r / 2, static_cast<int>(2.866*r));
    vert[3] = Point(5 * r / 2, static_cast<int>(2.866*r));
    vert[4] = Point(3 * r, 2 * r);
    vert[5] = Point(5 * r / 2, static_cast<int>(1.34*r));
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {//将6个点坐标连接成一个多边形
  	line(src, vert[i], vert[(i + 1) % 6], Scalar(255), 3, 8, 0);
    }
    
    vector<vector<Point>> contours;
    vector<Vec4i> hierachy;
    Mat csrc;
    src.copyTo(csrc);
    findContours(csrc, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE,   CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
    Mat raw_dist = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_32FC1); 
    for (int row = 0; row < raw_dist.rows; row++) {
  	for (int col = 0; col < raw_dist.cols; col++) {
   	    double dist = pointPolygonTest(contours[0], Point2f(static_cast<float>(col), static_cast<float>(row)), true);//测试图像中每一个点离给定轮廓的距离值
   	    raw_dist.at<float>(row, col) = static_cast<float>(dist);//raw_dist中每个像素位置处存储的是该点离轮廓的距离
        }
    }
    j
    double minValue, maxValue;
    minMaxLoc(raw_dist, &minValue, &maxValue, 0, 0, Mat());//在raw_dist中找到距离最大最小值
    Mat dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
    for (int row = 0; row < dst.rows; row++) {
  	for (int col = 0; col < dst.cols; col++) {
   	    float dist = raw_dist.at<float>(row, col);//遍历raw_dist每一个位置处存储的值
   	    if (dist > 0) {
    		dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = (uchar)(abs(dist / maxValue) * 255);//确保在0-255之间
    		//dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = (uchar)((1 - abs(dist / maxValue)) * 255);//输出相反的效果，像素值与距离成反比
   	    } else if (dist < 0) {
    		  dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = (uchar)(abs(dist / minValue) * 255);
    		  //dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = (uchar)((1 - abs(dist / minValue)) * 255);//输出相反的效果，像素值与距离成反比
   	      } else {
    		    dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = (uchar)(abs(255 - dist));
    		    dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = (uchar)(abs(255 - dist));
    		    dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = (uchar)(abs(255 - dist));
   	        }
  	}
    }
    
    const char* output_win = "point poly test demo";
    char input_win[] = "input image";
    namedWindow(input_win, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    namedWindow(output_win, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    
    imshow(input_win, src);
    imshow(output_win, dst);

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

输出结果显示：

像素值与距离成正比

像素值与距离成反比