BeautifulSoup使用语法
如何使用实例化BeautifulSoup对象:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
对象的实例化:
1、将本地的html文档中的数据加载到该对象中
f = open('/test.html','r',encoding='utf-8')
soup = BeautifulSoup(f,'lxml')
2、互联网上获取的页面源码加载到该对象中
page_text = response.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(page_text,'lxml')
提供的用于数据解析的方法和属性:
soup.tagName:返回的是文档中第一次出现的tagName对应的标签
soup.find():
find('tagName'):等同于soup.div
属性定位:soup.find('div', class_/id/attr='song')
soup.find_all('tagName'):返回符合要求的所有标签列表
select:
select('某种选择器(id, class, 标签 )'),返回的是一个列表
层级选择器:
soup.select('.tang > ul > li > a'): > 表示的是一个层级
soup.select('.tang > ul a'):空格表示的多个层级
获取标签之间的文本数据
soup.a.text/get_text()/string
text/get_text():可以获取某个标签中的所有文本内容
string:只可以获取该标签下直系的文本内容
获取标签中的属性值:
soup.a['href']
案例实现
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
if __name__=='__main__':
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/93.0.4577.82 Safari/537.36'
}
url = "https://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html"
page_text = requests.get(url,headers).content
soup = BeautifulSoup(page_text,'lxml')
li_list = soup.select(".book-mulu>ul>li")
f = open('./三国.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
for li in li_list:
detail_url = "https://www.shicimingju.com"+li.a['href']
title = li.a.text
detail_page_text = requests.get(detail_url,headers).content
detail_soup = BeautifulSoup(detail_page_text,'lxml')
content = detail_soup.find('div',class_='chapter_content').get_text()
f.write(title+':'+content+'\n')
print(title,"ok")