1.原文
2. 参考译文
3. New words and expressions
★retire v. 退休
retire =stop working =stop doing this
★company n. 公司firm n. 商行
corporation n. 责任公司
limited corporation 有限责任公司(缩略形式:Ltd.Co)business n. 生意,公司
★save ① vt. 挽救,救助,拯救save one’s face 挽会面子② vt. 积蓄,储蓄
西方人不喜欢提钱, 所以用 save up 表示存钱
Save it for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备
★workshop n. 车间(工作并且可以拿出来卖)
workhouse n. 感化院(强迫劳动的地方)
★helper n. 帮手, 助手assistant n. 助理
★employ v. 雇佣
employee n. 雇员 ;employer n. 雇主
trainer n. 教练 ;trainee n. 接受训练的人
4. 课文讲解
1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
head是“首领、头目”的意思,“the head of+名词”的意思是“……的老板,头”
used to do sth. 过去常常, 但是现在不做
work…as… 作为……工作.
as a boy = as he was a boy (as是“当……的时候”)
2、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.
in one’s -ies 在某人几十岁的时候
in one’s twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties,十的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量,与所有格形容词连用时表示大约的年龄。
in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代
3、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
one’s hard early years =early in one’s life 某人的早年艰辛(生活)
the long road to success 通往成功的长路
There is a long way to go. 还有很长的路要走。
remember v. 记得, 回忆起
memory n. 记忆 ;memorize v. 记住
5. Key structures
过去进行时与一般过去时
过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比,它更强调动作的持续性,一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时,过去进行时往往用来表示背景。
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.
used to do
used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯,以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now…,but not…any more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。 I used to smoke, but I don’t any more/longer.
used to仅用于一般过去。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do而用used本身。
Used he to smoke? He usedn’t /used not to smoke.
但比较常用的形式是did和didn’t
Did he use to smoke?He didn’t use to smoke.
在针对used to提问时,一般也用did:
6. Special Difficulties
Experience① n. 经历(可数名词)② n. 经验(不可数名词)③ vt. 经验,体验
experienced adj. 有经验的,经验丰富的
Save① vt.& vi. 救助,搭救,拯救
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
② vt.& vi. 储蓄,积攒
save money 存钱(多余的钱)
save it for a rainy day 未雨绸缪
economize .经济,节省(能不用就不用,节衣缩食)
Work and Job
work和job都翻译为“工作”,job为可数名词,一般与“职业、职位”有关,或表示某人的“份内事”;work作“工作”讲时是不可数名词,常指具体的“劳动、作业”或“(待做的)工作或事务”等,也可能表示“上班”。John is looking for a new job.
I’m looking for work as a driver.
7. Composition
Frank (not only) (neither) (repaired) (made)his grandson’s bicycle, (but)(also)went for a ride on it(as well)(both).He(said)(told)melater:‘I(make)(do)aeroplanes, (and) (but) I prefer bicycles.’
not only / repaired / but /as well / told /make/ but
go for a ride/go for a walk 骑车出去/出去散步
ride a car/bicycle/horse
go for a ride on sth (对自行车只能用 “on” ) 出去骑车prefer vt.更喜欢, 宁愿