设计一个抽象类图形类，在该类中包含有至少两个抽象方法求周长和求面积，分别定义圆形类、长方形类、正方形类来继承图形类，并实现上述两个方法。并创建实例验证。

代码实现

• Shape类

abstract class Shape {
    public abstract double shapeC();	//周长
    public abstract double shapeS();	//面积
}

• Circle类

import static java.lang.Math.PI;

 public class Circle extends Shape {
     private double r;	//半径

     public void setR(double r){
         this.r = r;
     }
     public double getR(){
         return this.r;
     }

     public double shapeC(){
         return PI*2*r;
     }

     public double shapeS(){
         return PI*r*r;
     }

     public Circle(double r){
         this.setR(r);
     }
}

• Rectangle类

public class Rectangle extends Shape {
    private double l;	//长
    private double w;	//宽

    public void setL(double l) {
        this.l = l;
    }
    public double getL() {
        return this.l;
    }

    public void setW(double w) {
        this.w = w;
    }
    public double getW() {
        return this.w;
    }

    public double shapeC(){
        return (l+w)*2;
    }

    public double shapeS(){
        return l*w;
    }

    public Rectangle(double l,double w){
        this.setL(l);
        this.setW(w);
    }
}

• Square类

public class Square extends Shape {
    private double f;	//边长

    public void setF(double f){
        this.f = f;
    }
    public double getF(){
        return this.f;
    }

    public double shapeC(){
        return 4*f;
    }

    public double shapeS(){
        return Math.pow(f,2);
    }

    public Square(double f){
        this.setF(f);
    }
}

• Test类

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Text {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean flag = true;
        while(flag){
            System.out.println("======请选择需要计算的图形======");
            System.out.println("        （1）圆  形");
            System.out.println("        （2）长方形");
            System.out.println("        （3）正方形");
            System.out.println("        （4）退  出");
            System.out.println("=============================");
            System.out.println("请输入编号：");
            Scanner num = new Scanner(System.in);
            int n = num.nextInt();
            switch(n){
                case 1: {
                    System.out.println("请输入圆的半径：");
                    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
                    double a = sc.nextDouble();
                    Circle circle = new Circle(a);
                    System.out.println("圆的半径为：" + circle.getR());
                    System.out.println("圆的周长为：" + circle.shapeC());
                    System.out.println("圆的面积为：" + circle.shapeS());
                }
                break;
                case 2:{
                    System.out.println("请输入长方形的边长：");
                    Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
                    System.out.println("输入长方形的长：");
                    double l = s.nextDouble();
                    System.out.println("输入长方形的宽：");
                    double w = s.nextDouble();
                    Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(l,w);
                    System.out.println("长方形的长为："+rectangle.getL())；
                    System.out.println("长方形的宽为："+rectangle.getW());
                    System.out.println("长方形的周长为："+rectangle.shapeC());
                    System.out.println("长方形的面积为："+rectangle.shapeS());
                }
                break;
                case 3:{
                    System.out.println("请输入正方形的边长：");
                    Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
                    double f = s.nextDouble();
                    Square square = new Square(f);
                    System.out.println("正方形的边长为："+square.getF());
                    System.out.println("正方形的周长为："+square.shapeC());
                    System.out.println("正方形的面积为："+square.shapeS());
                }
                break;
                case 4:{
                    flag = false;
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

测试结果

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