R语言常用函数大全

16

x<-c(1:5)
message("ABC","DRF")
suppressMessages(x)

warning(x)
suppressWarnings(x)

getOption("warn")
old_ops<-options(warn=-1)
options(old_ops)

15

sample(7)
sample(7,5)
sample(7,10,replace=TRUE)

runif(5)
runif(5,1,10)#0-10
rnorm(5)
rnorm(5,3,7)
set.seed(1)

14

data(obama_vs_mccain,package='learningr')
obama<-obama_vs_mccain$Obama
mean(obama)
median(obama)
var(obama)
sd(obama)
mad(obama)
min(obama)

cummin(obama)
cumsum(obama)
cumprod(obama)

c(3:1, 2:0, 4:2)
cummin(c(3:1, 2:0, 4:2))
cummax(c(3:1, 2:0, 4:2))

quantile(obama)
quantile(obama,type=5)
quantile(obama,c(0.9))

IQR(obama)

fivenum(obama)

with(obama_vs_mccain,cor(Obama,McCain))
with(obama_vs_mccain,cancor(Obama,McCain))
with(obama_vs_mccain,cov(Obama,McCain))

obama_vs_mccain<-obama_vs_mccain[!is.na(obama_vs_mccain$Trueout),]

with(obama_vs_mccain,plot(Income,Turnout),col='voilet',pch=20)

13

library(stringr)
multiple_kingdoms<-str_detect(english_monarchs$domain,fixed(","))
multiple_rulers<-str_detect(english_monarchs$name,",|and")

english_monarchs[multiple_rulers&!is.na(multiple_rulers),c("name","domain")]

individual_rulers<-str_split(english_monarchs$name,",|and")
individual_rulers[sapply(individual_rulers,length)>1]

summary:

library(stringr)
str_replace
str_count
str_split
str_split_fixed
str_detect

正在创建或改变某一列，就用with
如果想要操作多个列就用within
plyr包中的mutate函数采用了另一种方法，他接受新的和更改的列

comlete.cases()
na.omit()
na.fail()

library(reshape2)
dcast()
melt()
acast()

subset(deer_endocranial_volume,VolCT>400|VolCT2>400,c(VolCT,VolCT2))
library(sqldf)
query<-"SELECT VolCT,VolCT2 FROM deer_endocranial_volume WHERE VolCT>400 OR VolCT2>400"
sqldf(query)

x<-c(2,3,4,2,3)
sort(x,decreasing=FALSE)
order(x)
x[order(x)]
identical(sort(x),x[order(x)])
arrange()
rank(x)
rank(x,ties.method="first")

Negate()
Filter()
Position()
Find()
Map()
Reduce()

12

library(learningr)
deer_file<-system.file("extdata","RedDeerEndocranialVolume.dlm",package='learningr')
deer_data<-read.table(deer_file,header=TRUE,fill=TRUE,skip=3,nrow=2)
str(deer_data,vec.len=1)

read.csv(file,header=FALSE,skip=15,nrow=3)
write.csv(file,filepath,row.names=FALSE,fileEncoding="utf8")

11

Sys.time()
as.POSIXlt()

POSIXct继承自POSIXt,打印出来时，知识看见了格式化的版本，所以打印出来的基本一样，但是，底层存储机制完全不同

as.Date()

strptime()
strftime()

difftime(end,begin,units="secs")
difftime(end,begin,units="weeks")

library(lubridate)

ymd()
ydm()
mdy()
myd()
dmy()
dym()

stamp()

dyears()
dseconds()
dminutes()

years()
today()

as.period()

new_interval()

%--%
%within%

with_tz()

floor_date()
ceiling_date()

as.Date(sjz$date) #R可以处理的日期格式是：y-m-d或者y/m/d

10

path.expand("~")
Sys.getenv("HOME")

.libPaths()

update.packages(ask=FALSE)
remove.packages("zoo")

9

rep()
replicate()

apply()#两个参数：维数和函数，维数为1表示应用于每一行，2表示应用于每一列
lapply()#返回列表，如果传入的参数中的函数需要参数，就直接加在后面，作为第三个参数
vapply()#用于list，返回vector，第三个参数：返回值的模板
sapply()#自动的返回某种类型

eapply()
rapply()

with(,split(,))

library(plyr)
llply()
laply()

raply()# 取代replicate
rlply()
rdply()
r_ply()#丢弃输出

ddply()

8

ifelse()
switch()
repeat() 
break
next
while()
for(i in 1:5)

7

paste(,,sep="-",collapse=",")
toString(x,width=40)
cat()
noquote()
formatC(,digits=3,width=10,format="e",flag="+")
sprintf("%s %d %f %e")
format(,digits=3,trim=TRUE,scientific=TRUE)
prettyNUM(c(1e10,1e-20),big.mark=",",small.mark=" ",preserve.width="idividual",scientific=FALSE)

\t
\n
\0
\\
\"
\'
\a

cat("foo\tbar",fill=TRUE)
alarm()

toupper()
tolower()
substring()
substr()
strsplit(,fixed=TRUE)#fixed=TRUE表示split的参数是固定长度的字符串而非正则表达式
strsplit(,",?") #？意味着前面的字符可选

getwd()
setwd()
file.path()
R.home()

# 相对路径
.  用于当前路径
.. 父目录
~ 当前用户主目录
path.expand(".")

gl(3,2)
interaction()

is.factor()
is ordered()

6

new.env()
assign()
get()
ls(envir=)
ls.str(envir=)
exists()
as.environment()
list2env()
new.env(parent=)
exists(,inherits=FALSE)
get(,envir=globalenv())
head(ls(envir=baseenv()),20)

deparse()
normalize()
do.call((rbind,list(dfr1,dfr2,dfr3)))

5

is.recursive(list())
is.atomic(list())


length()
dim()
nrow()
ncol()
NROW()
NCOL()

l1<-list(1:5)
l2<-list(6:10)
l1[[1]]+l2[[1]]