蓝桥杯嵌入式2017第八届省赛真题解答

使用最新版STM32G431系列，cubemx配置

1 题目分析

使用到的外设：LED、LCD、按键、TIM（pwm）、RTC。

这一届用到状态机，逻辑难度较高。

 

2 Cubemx配置

外设具体方法参考我写的其他文章

配置完成如下：

时钟树配置如下:

3 文件移植

 

其中灯和按键程序自己添加 

添加到项目中

 

先编译，左边会显示出添加的文件

添加头文后再编译一下，确保头文件和.c文件都被正确引用

 4 代码

所有的外设配置Cubemx都配置好了，无需自己配置（巨省工作量）

下面介绍自己添加的部分

4.1 led和Key部分

头文件 ledAndKey.h

#include "main.h"
void Led_Disp(unsigned char c);
unsigned char Key_Scan(void);

 

#include "ledAndKey.h"
 
//灯
void Led_Disp(unsigned char c)
{
	//全部熄灭
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13|GPIO_PIN_14|GPIO_PIN_15|GPIO_PIN_8
                          |GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	//点亮对应位
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, c<<8, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
 
//按键扫描
unsigned char Key_Scan(void)
{
	unsigned char c;
    c=0;
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0)==GPIO_PIN_RESET)
	{
		c = 1;
	}
	else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1)==GPIO_PIN_RESET)
	{
		c = 2;
	}
	else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2)==GPIO_PIN_RESET)
	{
		c = 3;
	}
	else if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0)==GPIO_PIN_RESET)
	{
		c = 4;
	}
	
	return c;
}

 4.2 主函数部分

#include "main.h"
#include "rtc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "ledAndKey.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "lcd.h"

void SystemClock_Config(void);
void keyPro(void);
void lcdPro(void);
void ledPro(void);
void running(void);
void OpenDool(void);//开门
void CloseDool(void);//关门
void Up(void);//上升
void Dowm(void);//下降
void Stop(void);//所有电机停止

//dida
__IO uint32_t uwtick_Key,uwtick_Lcd,uwtick_Led,uwtick_Run,uwtick_Stage;

//key
unsigned char Key_Value,Key_Old,Key_Up,Key_Dowm;
unsigned char key_tim = 0;  //0-按键封锁状态

//led
unsigned char Led_light;
unsigned char Led_flag;

//user
unsigned char platform = 1; //表示当前平台
unsigned char str[20];
unsigned char updowm = 0;   //电机运行状态0停上1下2

unsigned char selected_platform = 0;//选中的楼层
unsigned char motor_runflag = 0;//电机运行状态   0完全停机 1运行 2待机等待
unsigned char Stage = 0; //状态机

RTC_DateTypeDef rtc_date;
RTC_TimeTypeDef rtc_time;


int main(void)
{

  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();

	LCD_Init();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  MX_TIM17_Init();
  MX_RTC_Init();
	
	LCD_Clear(Blue);
	LCD_SetBackColor(Blue);
	LCD_SetTextColor(White);
	
	HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1);
	HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1);

  while (1)
  {
		 keyPro();
		 lcdPro();
		 ledPro();
		 running();
	}
}

void lcdPro(void)
{
	if(uwTick - uwtick_Lcd<50) return;
	uwtick_Lcd = uwTick;
	
	//时间处理
	HAL_RTC_GetDate(&hrtc,&rtc_date,FORMAT_BIN);
	HAL_RTC_GetTime(&hrtc,&rtc_time,FORMAT_BIN);
	
	sprintf((char *)str,"    Now Platform");
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1,str);	
	
	sprintf((char *)str,"         %d ",platform);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3,str);	
	
	sprintf((char *)str,"      %02d:%02d:%02d",rtc_time.Hours,rtc_time.Minutes,rtc_time.Seconds);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5,str);
	
	//辅助监视状态
	if(updowm == 0)
		sprintf((char *)str,"State:Stop  ");
	else if(updowm == 1)
	sprintf((char *)str,"State:Up   ");
	else if(updowm == 2)
	sprintf((char *)str,"State:Down  ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6,str);		
	
	sprintf((char *)str,"Motor:%d",motor_runflag);	//电机运行状态
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line7,str);			
	
	sprintf((char *)str,"TEST");
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line9,str);
}
 
//状态机实现
void running(void)
{
	if(uwTick - uwtick_Run<50) return;
	uwtick_Run = uwTick;
	
	if(motor_runflag!=0)  //电梯处于工作状态
	{
		switch(Stage)
		{
			case 0:  //开始运行，电梯关门
				uwtick_Stage = uwTick;//记录关门时间
				motor_runflag = 1;
				Stage = 1;
				break;	
			case 1:    //电梯关门中 4s
				if(uwTick - uwtick_Stage<4000)
				{//关门ing
						CloseDool();
				}
				else
				{
					Stage = 2;
					Stop();
				}
				break;
			case 2:  //判断升降,并开始计时
				uwtick_Stage = uwTick;//记录升降开始时间
				if(updowm == 0)
				{
					if(selected_platform>(1<<(platform-1)))  //判断是否有比当前高的楼层选中
						updowm = 1;//上
					else
						updowm = 2;//下
				}
				else if(updowm == 1)  //上升时
				{
					if(selected_platform>(1<<(platform-1)))  //判断是否有比当前高的楼层选中
						updowm = 1;//上
					else
						updowm = 2;//下
				}
				else if(updowm == 2)  //下降时
				{
					if(selected_platform<(1<<(platform-1)))  //判断是否有比当前低的楼层选中
						updowm = 2;//下
					else
						updowm = 1;//上
				}
				Stage = 3;
				break;
			case 3:  
				if(uwTick - uwtick_Stage<6000)
				{
					//电梯上下运行中
					if(updowm == 1)
					{
						Up();
					}
					else if(updowm ==2)
					{
						Dowm();
					}
				}
				else //到达新楼层
				{
					if(updowm == 1)//上
						platform++;
					else if(updowm == 2)//下
						platform --;
					if((1<<(platform-1))&selected_platform)//判断是否是选中楼层
					{
						selected_platform &= ~(1<<(platform-1));//清除选中楼层标记
						Stop();
						Stage = 4;
					}
					else//继续运行
					{
						uwtick_Stage = uwTick;
					}
				}
				break;
			case 4: 
				uwtick_Stage = uwTick;//电机开门计时
				Stage = 5;
				break;
			case 5:
				if(uwTick - uwtick_Stage<4000)
				{
					//电梯开门中
					OpenDool();	
				}
				else //判断停机还是等待
				{
					Stop();
					if(selected_platform!=0) //还有楼层被选中
					{
						motor_runflag = 2;  //电机待机
						uwtick_Stage = uwTick;//等待2s开始计时，期间允许新的楼层选中
						Stage = 6;
					}
					else  //没有选中的楼层了，结束循环
					{
						Stage = 0;
						motor_runflag = 0;//彻底停机
					}
				}
				break;
			case 6:
				if(uwTick - uwtick_Stage<2000)
				{
					//等待中
						sprintf((char *)str,"Wait..        ");	
						LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);							
				}
				else
				{
						//进入下一次循环
					Stage = 0;
				}		
				break;			
		}
	}
	else
	{
	sprintf((char *)str,"Nothing         ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);			
	}
}

void keyPro(void)
{
	if(uwTick - uwtick_Key<50) return;
	uwtick_Key = uwTick;
	
	Key_Value = Key_Scan();
	Key_Dowm = Key_Value&(Key_Value^Key_Old);
	Key_Up = ~Key_Value&(Key_Value^Key_Old);
	Key_Old = Key_Value;
	
	if(Key_Dowm!=0)  //代表有按键按下
	{
		if(key_tim == 0&&motor_runflag == 0)
		{
			key_tim = 1;
		}
	}
	
	if(key_tim !=0||motor_runflag == 2) //按键有效 电机完全停止 或者中途等待
	{
		if(Key_Dowm == 1&&(platform!=1))
		{
			selected_platform|=0x1;
		}
		else if(Key_Dowm == 2&&(platform!=2))
		{
			selected_platform|=0x2;
		}
		else if(Key_Dowm == 3&&(platform!=3))
		{
			selected_platform|=0x4;
		}
		else if(Key_Dowm == 4&&(platform!=4))
		{
			selected_platform|=0x8;
		}
		key_tim++;
		if(key_tim>=20)  //1s
		{
			key_tim = 0;
			motor_runflag = 1;//电梯开始运行
		}
		else if(Key_Dowm!=0) //新按键按下时刷新时间
		{
			key_tim = 1;
		}
	}
}

void ledPro(void)
{
	if(uwTick - uwtick_Led<200) return;
	uwtick_Led = uwTick;
	
	Led_light &= 0xf0;//低四位清0
	
	Led_light|=selected_platform;
	
	if(Led_flag) //流水灯
	{
		if(updowm == 1)//上
		{
			if((Led_light&0xF0) == 0) //高4位为0
			{
				Led_light|=0x80; //8位置1
			}
			else
			{			
				Led_light = (Led_light&0x0f)+((Led_light>>1)&0xf0);
			}
		}
		else if(updowm == 2)//下
		{
			if((Led_light&0xF0) == 0)
			{
					Led_light|=0x10; //5位置1
			}	
			else
			{
				Led_light = (Led_light&0x0f)+((Led_light&0xf0)<<1);
			}
		}	
	}
	else//高4位 清0
	{
		Led_light&=0x0f;
	}
	
	Led_Disp(Led_light);
	
}

void OpenDool(void)
{
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,300);
	sprintf((char *)str,"Opening dool  ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);		
}

void CloseDool(void)
{
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,250);
	sprintf((char *)str,"Closeing dool  ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);		
}

void Up(void)
{
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_4,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1,800);
	sprintf((char *)str,"moveing UP    ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);		
	Led_flag = 1;
}

void Dowm(void)
{
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_4,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1,600);
	sprintf((char *)str,"moveing Down   ");	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line8,str);		
	Led_flag = 1;
}

void Stop(void)
{
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1,0);
	__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim17,TIM_CHANNEL_1,0);	
	Led_flag = 0;
}


void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the peripherals clocks
  */
  PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;
  PeriphClkInit.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_HSE_DIV32;

  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}