七.shell应用示例

• 用户管理脚本
• 倒计时
• 数据库备份
• 服务自动部署示例
• 自动登陆脚本

一.用户建立脚本

• 执行users_create.sh userlist passlist
• 建立userlist列表中的用户
• 设定userlist列表中的密码为passlist列表中的密码
• 当脚本后面跟的文件个数不足两时,报错
• 当文件行数不一致时报错
• 当文件不存在时报错
• 当用户存在时报错
看到此需求，先把要判断的写完，再建立用户

  1 #!/bin/bash
  2 if [ ! "$USER" = "root" ]
  3 then
  4   echo -e "\033[31mError:only root run $0 !!\033[0m"
  5   exit
  6 elif [ "$#" != "2" ]  ##判断脚本后所输入的字符串个数是否为两个
  7 then
  8   echo -e "\033[31mPlease input userlist and passlist file!!\033[0m"
  9   exit
 10 elif [ ! -e "$1" ]
 11 then
 12   echo -e "\033[31m$1 is not exist!!\033[0m"
 13   exit
 14 elif [ ! -e "$2" ]
 15 then
 16   echo -e "\033[31m$2 is not exist!!\033[0m"
 17   exit
 18 else
 19   User_Line=$(awk 'BEGIN{N=0}{N++}END{print N}' $1)
 20   Pass_Line=$(awk 'BEGIN{N=0}{N++}END{print N}' $2)
 21   [ "$User_Line" != "$Pass_Line" ]&&{
 22     echo -e "\033[31m$1's line is different from $2!!\033[0m"
 23     exit
  24   }
 25 fi
 26 
 27 for LINE in $(seq 1 $User_Line)  ##找到两个文件的相同点，以行数来取值，保证账号与密码对应
 28 do
 29   USERNAME=`sed -n ${LINE}p $1`
 30   PASSWORD=`sed -n ${LINE}p $2`
 31   id $USERNAME &> /dev/null && {
 32     echo -e "\033[31m$USERNAME is exist!!\033[0m"
 33   }||{
 34     useradd $USERNAME
 35     echo $PASSWORD | passwd --stdin $USERNAME &> /dev/null && {
 36       echo -e "\033[32m$USERNAME is created\033[0m"
 37     }
 38   }
 39 done

二.倒计时

1分10秒倒计时

  1 #!/bin/bash
  2 MIN=1
  3 SEC=10
  4 SEC=$[$MIN*60+$SEC]  ##计算总秒数，先和在分，循环总的秒数
  5 for ((;SEC>=0;SEC--))
  6 do
  7   ((min=$SEC/60))  ##取整计算显示分钟数
  8   ((sec=$SEC%60))  ##取余计算秒数
  9   echo -n "After $min:$sec is over "  ##不换行，可以man echo
 10   echo -ne "\r"  ##回车，显示在同一位置
 11   sleep 1
 12 done

##也可以用判断的方式
  1 #!/bin/bash
  2 MIN=1
  3 SEC=10
  4 for ((;SEC>=0;SEC--))
  5 do
  6   [ "$SEC" = 0 ] && [ "$MIN" = 0 ]&& exit
  7   [ "$SEC" = 0 ] && [ "$MIN" -ge 0 ]&&{
  8     echo -n "After $MIN:${SEC}s is end "
  9     echo -ne "\r"
 10     sleep 1
 11     ((MIN --))
 12     SEC=59
 13   }
 14   echo -n "After $MIN:${SEC}s is end "
 15   echo -ne "\r"
 16   sleep 1
 17 done

三.数据库备份

• 执行db_dump.sh westos(数据库密码)
• 脚本执行后会备份数据库中的所有库到/mnt/mysqldump目录中
• 备份文件名称为 “库名称.sql”当此文件存在时报错并询问动
作
输入“S”跳过备份,当输入“B"时备份“库名称.sql”文件为
“库名称_backup.sql”,当输入“O”时,覆盖源文件

  1 #!/bin/bash
  ##3.写个函数，并询问动作
  2 ACTION()
  3 { 
  4   echo "$DBNAME.sql is exist!!"
  5   echo "[o]verwrite | [s]kip | [b]acup"
  6   read -p "please input action: " DB_ACTION
  7   case $DB_ACTION in
  8   S|s)
  9   ;;
 10   O|o)
 11   mysqldump -uroot -p$1 $DBNAME > /mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql && echo $DBNAME    .sql is dumped!!
 12   ;;
 13   B|b)
 14   mv /mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql /mnt/mysqldump/${DBNAME}_backup.sql
 15   mysqldump -uroot -p$1 $DBNAME > /mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql && echo $DBNAME    .sql is dumped!!
 16   ;;
 17   *)
 18   echo "wrong ACTION !!"
 19   ACTION
 20   esac
 21 }
 ##1.先写判断，mariadb是否安装，密码是否输入，程序是否运行
  22 rpm -q mariadb-server &>/dev/null
 23 if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]
 24 then
 25   echo "mariadb is not installed"
 26 else [ -z "$1" ] && {
 27     echo "please input password followong $0"
 28     exit
 29   }||{
 30     mysql -uroot -p$1 -e "SHOW DATABASES;" &> /dev/null ||{
 31       systemctl status mariadb | grep running &> /dev/null
 32       if [ "$?" = "0" ]
 33       then
 34         echo "Error:wrong password!!"
 35         exit
 36       else
 37       echo "Error:mariadb is not runing!!"
 38       fi
 39     }
 40   }
  41 fi
  ##2.截取数据库，并判断文件夹是否存在，数据库是否备份
 42 for DBNAME in `mysql -uroot -p$1 -NEe "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -E "\*|schema    $" -v`
 43 do
 44   if [ ! -e "/mnt/mysqldump" ]
 45   then
 46     mkdir /mnt/mysqldump
 47     mysqldump -uroot -p$1 $DBNAME > /mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql && echo $DBNA    ME.sql is dumped!!
 48   elif [ -e "/mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql" ]
 49   then
 50     ACTION
 51   else
 52     mysqldump -uroot -p$1 $DBNAME > /mnt/mysqldump/$DBNAME.sql && echo $DBNA    ME.sql is dumped!!
 53   fi
 54 done

四.服务自动部署示例

• 执行脚本mysqladmin.sh 8080
• 脚本执行后部署mysql php网页版,并设定apache的网络接口为8080

#!/bin/bash
##首先判断mariadb、httpd安装否
rpm -q mariadb-server &> /dev/null && {
  rpm -q httpd &> /dev/null ||{
    dnf install httpd -y &> /dev/null ||{
      echo "can't install apache"
      exit
    }
  }
}||{
  dnf install mariadb-server -y &> /dev/null ||{
    echo "can't install mariadb"
    exit
  }
  systemctl enable --now mariadb
  mysqladmin password westos && echo "your db's password is westos"  ##给root设定数据库密码
}
##判断是否开启
systemctl start mariadb ||{
  echo "mariadb is can't running"
  exit
} && {
  systemctl start httpd || {
    echo "httpd is can't running"
    exit
  }
}
##安装php插件，更改apache端口，搭建php
dnf install php php-mysqlnd -y &> /dev/null || {
  echo "can't install php and php-mysqlnd"
  exit
}
sed '/^Listen/cListen 8080' -i /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
systemctl restart httpd ||{
  echo "can't change port to 8080 ,maybe your selinux is enforcing"
}&&{
  cp /mnt/phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 /var/www/html
  cd /var/www/html
  tar jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
  mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages phpmyadmin
  cp phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
}

五.自动登陆脚本

• 执行auto_ssh.sh 172.25.254.2 dg hostname
172.25.254.2为ip
dg 为密码
hostname
执行脚本后自动登陆172.25.254.100并保持登陆

#!/bin/bash
SSH(){
/usr/bin/expect << EOF
spawn ssh root@$1 $3
expect {
  "(yes/no)" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
  "password:" { send "$2\r"}
}
expect eof
EOF
}
ping -c1 -w1 $1 &> /dev/null && {
  SSH $1 $2 $3  ##调用的函数，及输入的变量
}