深度寻路(迷宫找出口）数组栈和堆栈两种方法实现

数组栈实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define CRT_SECURE_NO_WARINGS
#pragma warning(disable:6011)
#pragma warning(disable:6386)
/*
0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
迷宫形式*/
struct  position
{
	int x;
	int y;
};
struct position pathstack[100];
int stackTop = -1;
int size = 0;
int** maze = NULL;
int** makearray(int row,int cols)
{
	int** array = (int**)malloc(sizeof(int*) * row);
	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		array[i] = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * cols);
	}
	return array;
}
void creatmap()
{
	printf("请输入迷宫的大小：\n");
	scanf_s("%d", &size);
	maze = makearray(size+2,size+2);
	printf("请输入迷宫：\n");
	for (int i = 1; i <= size; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 1; j <= size; j++)
		{
			scanf_s("%d", &maze[i][j]);
		}
	}
	//加边框；
	for (int i = 0; i <= size + 1; i++)
	{
		maze[0][i] = maze[size + 1][i] = 1;
		maze[i][0] = maze[i][size + 1] = 1;
	}
	
}
//findroad找路径；
int findpath()
{
	struct position offset[4];// = { {0,1},{1,0},{0,-1},{-1,0} };
	offset[0].x = 0;
	offset[0].y = 1;
	offset[1].x = 1;
	offset[1].y = 0;
	offset[2].x = 0;
	offset[2].y = -1;
	offset[3].x = -1;
	offset[3].y = 0;
	struct position here = { 1,1 };
	pathstack[++stackTop] = here;
	maze[1][1] = 1;
	int option = 0;
	int endoption = 3;
	
while (here.x != size || here.y != size)
{
	int rownum, colsnum;
	while (option <= endoption)
	{
		rownum = here.x + offset[option].x;
		colsnum = here.y + offset[option].y;
		if (maze[rownum][colsnum] == 0)
			break;
		option++;
	}
	if (option <= endoption)
	{
		
		here.x = rownum;
		here.y = colsnum;
		pathstack[++stackTop] = here;
		maze[rownum][colsnum] = 1;
		option = 0;
		}
	else //说明option=4；找不到路了，进行退栈操作；
	{
		if (stackTop == -1)
			return 0;
		stackTop--;
		struct position pre= pathstack[stackTop];//
	
		if (pre.x == here.x)
		{
			option = 2 + pre.y - here.y;
		}
		else 
		{
			option = 3 + pre.x-here.x;
		}
		here = pre;
	}
}
return 1;
}
void printfpath()
{
	struct position curpos;
	while (stackTop != -1)
	{
		curpos=pathstack[stackTop];
#pragma message("666")
		stackTop--;
		printf("(%d,%d)-->", curpos.x, curpos.y);
	}printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
	creatmap();
	if(findpath())
	{
		printf("你好！;");
		printfpath();
	}
	else
	{
		printf("没有找到路径！\n");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

堆栈实现

#include <iostream>
 
using namespace std;
#define ROWS 10
#define COLS 10
template<class T>
class MyStack
{
	T* pBuff;  //内存段首地址
	size_t len;//当前存储的数据个数
	size_t maxLen;//当前内存段大小
public:
	MyStack()
	{
		pBuff = NULL;
		len = maxLen =NULL;
	}
	~MyStack()
	{
		if (pBuff)
			delete[]pBuff;
		pBuff = NULL;
		len = maxLen = NULL;
	}
	void push(const T& data);//入栈
	void pop()//删除栈顶元素
	{
		len--;
	}
	T getTop()
	{
		return pBuff[len - 1];
	}
	bool isEmpty()
	{
		return len == 0;
	}
};
template<class T>
void MyStack<T>::push(const T& data)
{
	//判断是否需要开内存
	if (len >= maxLen)
	{
		//1.开内存

		//1.1计算新开内存大小
		//新的内存段大小是原来的1倍加（原来的二分之一或者1）
		maxLen = maxLen + (((maxLen >> 1) > 1) ? (maxLen >> 1) : 1);
		//1.2 开内存。
		T* pTem = new T[maxLen];
		//2.如果原来的内存段中有数据
		if (pBuff)
		{
			memcpy(pTem, pBuff, sizeof(T) * len);
			delete[] pBuff;
		}
		//3.pBuff指针指向新开内存段。
		pBuff = pTem;
	}
	//4.新数据进来。
	pBuff[len++] = data;
}
struct MyPoint
{
	int y;
	int x;
	friend bool operator==(const MyPoint& p1, const MyPoint& p2);
};
bool operator==(const MyPoint& p1, const MyPoint& p2)
{
	if (p1.x == p2.x && p1.y == p2.y) return true;
	return false;
}
enum dirent{p_up,p_left,p_down,p_right };
struct pathNode
{
	int dir;//当前试探方向
	bool isFind;//是否走过  0 false  1 true
};
int main()
{
	//1.寻路前的准备

	//1.1地图
	int map[ROWS][COLS] = {
		{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1},
		{1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1},
		{1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1},
		{1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
		{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},

	};

	//1.2辅助地图（记录当前试探方向，记录有没有走过)
	pathNode pathMap[ROWS][COLS] = { 0 };
	//1.3栈
	MyStack <MyPoint>stack;
	//1.4七点 终点
	MyPoint begPos = { 1,8 };
	MyPoint endPos = { 1,1 };
	//标记起点走过
	pathMap[begPos.y][begPos.x].isFind = true;
	stack.push(begPos);
	//2寻路
	MyPoint currentPos = begPos;
	MyPoint searchPos;
	bool isFindEnd = false;
	while (1)
	{
		searchPos = currentPos;				//重点
		//根据当前点的当前试探方向，确定试探点。
		switch (pathMap[currentPos.y][currentPos.x].dir)
		{
		case p_up:
			searchPos.y--;
			pathMap[currentPos.y][currentPos.x].dir++;
			//2.2判断能不能走
			if (pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind == false//没有走过
				&& map[searchPos.y][searchPos.x] == 0)//不是障碍
				//2.3走
			{
				currentPos = searchPos;
				//2.4入栈
				stack.push(currentPos);
			
			//2.5标记走过
			pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind = true;
			}
			break;
		case p_left:
			searchPos.x--;
			pathMap[currentPos.y][currentPos.x].dir++;
			//2.2判断能不能走
			if (pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind == false
				&& map[searchPos.y][searchPos.x] == 0)
			{
				currentPos = searchPos;
				//2.4入栈
				stack.push(currentPos);

				//2.5标记走过
				pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind = true;
			} break;
		case p_down:
			searchPos.y++;
			pathMap[currentPos.y][currentPos.x].dir++;
			//2.2判断能不能走
			if (pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind == false
				&& map[searchPos.y][searchPos.x] == 0)
				//2.3走
			{
				currentPos = searchPos;
				//2.4入栈
				stack.push(currentPos);

				//2.5标记走过
				pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind = true;
			} break;
		case p_right:
			searchPos.x++;
			pathMap[currentPos.y][currentPos.x].dir++;
			//2.2判断能不能走
			if (pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind == false
				&& map[searchPos.y][searchPos.x] == 0)
			{	//2.3走
				currentPos = searchPos;
			//2.4入栈
			stack.push(searchPos);
			//2.5标记走过
			pathMap[searchPos.y][searchPos.x].isFind = true;
			}
			else //2.6回退
			{
				stack.pop();
				currentPos = stack.getTop();//跳到当前栈顶元素。
			}
			break;
		default:break;
		}
		if (currentPos == endPos)
		{
			isFindEnd = true;
			break;
		}
		//如果整个地图都没有终点
		if (stack.isEmpty())
			break;
	}
	if(isFindEnd)
	{
		cout << "找到终点了！哈哈哈！\n";
		cout << "path:\n";
		while (!stack.isEmpty())
		{
			cout<<"("<<stack.getTop().y <<"," << stack.getTop().x << ") ";
			stack.pop();
		}
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "没有找到终点！\n"; 
	}


	system("pause");
	return 0;
}