nginx常用配置以及部署lnmp

头发保卫者

于 2022-09-03 23:15:45 发布

阅读量396

点赞数 1

文章标签： nginx 服务器运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52943068/article/details/126677741

版权

文章目录

1. nginx简介

nginx（发音同engine x）是一款轻量级的Web服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like协议下发行。

nginx由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，最初供俄国大型的入口网站及搜寻引擎Rambler使用。

第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。

nginx的特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：百度、京东、新浪、网易、腾讯、淘宝等。

2. nginx的特性与优点

2.1 nginx的特性

nginx是一个很牛的高性能Web和反向代理服务器，它具有很多非常优越的特性：

在高连接并发的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品，能够支持高达50000个并发连接数的响应
使用epoll and kqueue作为开发模型
nginx作为负载均衡服务器：nginx既可在内部直接支持和PHP程序对外进行服务，也可支持作为HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务
nginx采用C进行编写，不论系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比Perlbal要好很多

2.2 nginx的优点

高并发连接：官方测试能够支撑5万并发连接，在实际生产环境中跑到2-3万并发连接数
内存消耗少：在3万并发连接下，开启的10个nginx进程才消耗150M内存（15M*10=150M）
配置文件非常简单：风格跟程序一样通俗易懂
成本低廉：nginx为开源软件，可以免费使用。而购买F5 BIG-IP、NetScaler等硬件负载均衡交换机则需要十多万至几十万人民币
支持Rewrite重写规则：能够根据域名、URL的不同，将HTTP请求分到不同的后端服务器群组
内置的健康检查功能：如果Nginx Proxy后端的某台Web服务器宕机了，不会影响前端访问
节省带宽：支持GZIP压缩，可以添加浏览器本地缓存的Header头
稳定性高：用于反向代理，宕机的概率微乎其微
模块化设计：模块可以动态编译
外围支持好：文档全，二次开发和模块较多
支持热部署：可以不停机重载配置文件
支持事件驱动、AIO（AsyncIO，异步IO）、mmap（Memory Map，内存映射）等性能优化

3. nginx的安装与配置

***java

3.1 nginx的安装

nginx下载地址：推荐下载稳定版

//创建系统用户
[root@cxr ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
//安装依赖环境
[root@cxr ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++ make wget vim
[root@cxr ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'       //安装过程以省略
//创建日志存放目录
[root@cxr ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@cxr ~]# chown -R  nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx
//下载nginx
[root@cxr ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@cxr src]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
//编译安装
[root@cxr src]# ls
debug  kernels  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@cxr src]# tar -xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz 
[root@cxr src]# cd nginx-1.22.0/
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-debug \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module \
> --with-http_image_filter_module \
> --with-http_gunzip_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install      //编译过程省略
//配置环境变量
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
//服务控制方式，使用nginx命令
    -t  //检查配置文件语法
    -v  //输出nginx的版本
    -c  //指定配置文件的路径
    -s  //发送服务控制信号，可选值有{stop|quit|reopen|reload} 
//启动nginx
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# nginx 
[root@cxr nginx-1.22.0]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:80                0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN     0          32             192.168.122.1:53                0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN     0          5                  127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:111                  [::]:*       
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*       
LISTEN     0          5                      [::1]:631                  [::]:*

4 nginx的配置文件详解

主配置文件：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

默认启动nginx时，使用的配置文件是：安装路径/conf/nginx.conf文件
可以在启动nginx时通过-c选项来指定要读取的配置文件

nginx常见的配置文件及其作用

配置文件	作用
nginx.conf	nginx的基本配置文件
mime.types	MIME类型关联的扩展文件
fastcgi.conf	与fastcgi相关的配置
proxy.conf	与proxy相关的配置
sites.conf	配置nginx提供的网站，包括虚拟主机

4.1 nginx.conf配置详解

nginx.conf的内容分为以下几段：

main配置段：全局配置段。其中main配置段中可能包含event配置段
event {}：定义event模型工作特性
http {}：定义http协议相关的配置

配置指令：要以分号结尾，语法格式如下：

derective value1 [value2 ...];

支持使用变量：

内置变量：模块会提供内建变量定义
自定义变量：set var_name value

4.2 用于调试、定位问题的配置参数

daemon {on|off};    //是否以守护进程方式运行nginx，调试时应设置为off
master_process {on|off};    //是否以master/worker模型来运行nginx，调试时可以设置为off
error_log 位置 级别;    //配置错误日志

error_log里的位置和级别能有以下可选项：

位置	级别
file stderr memory:size syslog:server=address[,parameter=value]	debug：若要使用debug级别，需要在编译nginx时使用–with-debug选项 info notice warn error crit alert emerg

4.3 正常运行必备的配置参数

user USERNAME [GROUPNAME];    //指定运行worker进程的用户和组
pid /path/to/pid_file;    //指定nginx守护进程的pid文件
worker_rlimit_nofile number;    //设置所有worker进程最大可以打开的文件数，默认为1024
worker_rlimit_core size;    //指明所有worker进程所能够使用的总体的最大核心文件大小，保持默认即可

4.4 优化性能的配置参数

worker_processes n;    //启动n个worker进程，这里的n为了避免上下文切换，通常设置为cpu总核心数-1或等于总核心数
worker_cpu_affinity cpumask ...;    //将进程绑定到某cpu中，避免频繁刷新缓存
//cpumask：使用8位二进制表示cpu核心，如：
    0000 0001   //第一颗cpu核心
    0000 0010   //第二颗cpu核心
    0000 0100   //第三颗cpu核心
    0000 1000   //第四颗cpu核心
    0001 0000   //第五颗cpu核心
    0010 0000   //第六颗cpu核心
    0100 0000   //第七颗cpu核心
    1000 0000   //第八颗cpu核心
timer_resolution interval;    //计时器解析度。降低此值，可减少gettimeofday()系统调用的次数
worker_priority number;    //指明worker进程的nice值

4.5 事件相关的配置：event{}段中的配置参数

accept_mutex {off|on};    //master调度用户请求至各worker进程时使用的负载均衡锁；on表示能让多个worker轮流地、序列化地去响应新请求
lock_file file;    //accept_mutex用到的互斥锁锁文件路径
use [epoll | rtsig | select | poll];    //指明使用的事件模型，建议让nginx自行选择
worker_connections #;    //每个进程能够接受的最大连接数

4.6 网络连接相关的配置参数

keepalive_timeout number;    //长连接的超时时长，默认为65s
keepalive_requests number;    //在一个长连接上所能够允许请求的最大资源数
keepalive_disable [msie6|safari|none];    //为指定类型的UserAgent禁用长连接
tcp_nodelay on|off;    //是否对长连接使用TCP_NODELAY选项，为了提升用户体验，通常设为on
client_header_timeout number;    //读取http请求报文首部的超时时长
client_body_timeout number;    //读取http请求报文body部分的超时时长
send_timeout number;    //发送响应报文的超时时长

4.7 fastcgi的相关配置参数

LNMP：php要启用fpm模型
配置示例如下：

location ~ \.php$ {
  root html;
  fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;      //定义反向代理
  fastcgi_index index.php;
  fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  include fastcgi_params;
}

4.8 常需要进行调整的参数

worker_processes
worker_connections
worker_cpu_affinity
worker_priority

5编译安装lnmp

在这里插入图片描述
下载最新版的mysql

5.1编译安装MySQL

//将安装包放到/usr/src目录下
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug    mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz

//创建系统用户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost src]# id mysql 
uid=974(mysql) gid=972(mysql) 组=972(mysql)
//解压安装包
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local/
//重命名
root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec                              nginx  share
etc  include  lib64  mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  sbin   src
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  nginx  sbin  share  src
//修改属组
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql
[root@localhost local]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x.  9 mysql mysql 129 9月   3 04:04 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root  root  151 9月   3 03:21 nginx
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root  root   49 4月  11 13:04 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 8月  12 2018 src
/添加环境变量
[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh   //重新读取下
[root@localhost local]# 

//将MySQL目录下面的include目录软连接到/usr/include/mysql
[root@localhost local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
//告知lib库的路径
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost local]# ldconfig     //重新读取配置文件
//配置man文档
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/man_db.conf 
#---------------------------------------------------------
# every automatically generated MANPATH includes these fields
#
#MANDATORY_MANPATH                      /usr/src/pvm3/man
#
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man    //在文档中添加这一行
#---------------------------------------------------------
//创建数据存放目录
[root@localhost local]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@localhost local]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 9月   3 04:12 data
//初始化
[root@localhost local]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data
2022-09-03T08:14:19.581866Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.28) initializing of server in progress as process 206752
2022-09-03T08:14:19.594074Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2022-09-03T08:14:20.183698Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2022-09-03T08:14:21.627841Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: U.vw8*yQffvV   //这个密码是随机生成的临时密码用来登录到MySQL修改密码。此处密码是：U.vw8*yQffvV 每个人都是不一样的
//生成配置文件
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# vim mysqld


# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir=/usr/local/mysql       //修改这一行
datadir=/opt/data             //修改这一行

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start. 

//启动MySQL
[root@localhost support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
[root@localhost support-files]# ss -antl
State                     Recv-Q                    Send-Q                                        Local Address:Port                                          Peer Address:Port                    
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                 0.0.0.0:111                                                0.0.0.0:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                 0.0.0.0:80                                                 0.0.0.0:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         32                                            192.168.122.1:53                                                 0.0.0.0:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                 0.0.0.0:22                                                 0.0.0.0:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         5                                                 127.0.0.1:631                                                0.0.0.0:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         70                                                        *:33060                                                    *:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                       *:3306                                                     *:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                    [::]:111                                                   [::]:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         128                                                    [::]:22                                                    [::]:*                       
LISTEN                    0                         5                                                     [::1]:631                                                   [::]:*
//下载库
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs      //安装过程已省略
//修改密码
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -uroot -p'U.vw8*yQffvV'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.28

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SET PASSWORD = 'hello 123!';       //安装需求来改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit     //退出
Bye
//测试密码
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -uroot -p'hello 123!'      //能够登录就说明修改成功
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> quit
Bye
//设置MySQL开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service      //复制一份sshd.service文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# vim mysqld.service 
[root@localhost system]# cat mysqld.service             //配置文件
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]# 


//关闭selinux
[root@localhost system]# vim /etc/selinux/config 

SELINUX=disabled     //修改成禁用模式
[root@localhost system]# vim /etc/selinux/config 
[root@localhost system]# reboot          //重启一下

连接断开

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload    
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld      //查看MySQL状态
● mysqld.service - mysql server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: >
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-09-03 04:32:46 EDT; 1min 11s ago
  Process: 244508 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start (code=exited>
 Main PID: 244521 (mysqld_safe)
    Tasks: 38 (limit: 23648)
   Memory: 359.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─244521 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --p>
           └─244711 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir>

9月 03 04:32:45 localhost systemd[1]: Starting mysql server daemon...
9月 03 04:32:46 localhost mysqld[244508]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
9月 03 04:32:46 localhost systemd[1]: Started mysql server daemon

6编译安装php

在这里插入图片描述
右键复制连接下载到虚拟机中的/usr/src/目录下

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.10.tar.gz
--2022-09-03 04:38:18--  https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.10.tar.gz
正在解析主机 www.php.net (www.php.net)... 185.85.0.29, 2a02:cb40:200::1ad
正在连接 www.php.net (www.php.net)|185.85.0.29|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：19745520 (19M) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “php-8.1.10.tar.gz”

php-8.1.10.tar.gz     100%[======================>]  18.83M  32.5KB/s  用时 7m 49s  

2022-09-03 04:46:09 (41.1 KB/s) - 已保存 “php-8.1.10.tar.gz” [19745520/19745520])

[root@localhost src]# ls
debug    mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
kernels  nginx-1.22.0                                php-8.1.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# wget https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma/archive/refs/tags/v6.9.7.1.tar.gz -O oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar.gz      //下载一个依赖包
--2022-09-03 05:05:03--  https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma/archive/refs/tags/v6.9.7.1.tar.gz
正在解析主机 github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166
正在连接 github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：https://codeload.github.com/kkos/oniguruma/tar.gz/refs/tags/v6.9.7.1 [跟随至新的 URL]
--2022-09-03 05:05:04--  https://codeload.github.com/kkos/oniguruma/tar.gz/refs/tags/v6.9.7.1
正在解析主机 codeload.github.com (codeload.github.com)... 20.205.243.165
正在连接 codeload.github.com (codeload.github.com)|20.205.243.165|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：未指定 [application/x-gzip]
正在保存至: “oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar.gz”

oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar     [      <=>              ] 616.30K   501KB/s  用时 1.2s    

2022-09-03 05:05:06 (501 KB/s) - “oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar.gz” 已保存 [631096]
//解压编译安装 oniguruma
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar.gz 
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf php-8.1.10.tar.gz 
[root@localhost src]# cd oniguruma-6.9.7.1/
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# 
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# yum install autoconf automake libtool make gcc gcc-c++
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# ./autogen.sh && ./configure --prefix=/usr
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# make && make install   //过程以省略
//编译安装php
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/php-8.1.10/
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php8 --exec-prefix=/usr/local/php8 --bindir=/usr/local/php8/bin --sbindir=/usr/local/php8/sbin --includedir=/usr/local/php8/include --libdir=/usr/local/php8/lib/php --mandir=/usr/local/php8/php/man --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php8/etc --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm


+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation  |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# make && make install     //构架过程省略
//配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//修改属组
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# sed -i '/^user = nobody/c user = nginx' /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# sed -i '/^group = nobody/c group = nginx' /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# tail /usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php8 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
//编写php-fpm脚本
[root@localhost init.d]# cd 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# cat php-fpm 
#! /bin/sh
# Comments to support chkconfig on CentOS
# chkconfig: 2345 65 37
#
set -e
 
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="php-fpm daemon"
NAME=php-fpm
DAEMON=/usr/local/php8/sbin/$NAME
 
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/php8/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
 
# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
 
d_start() {
  $DAEMON -y $CONFIGFILE || echo -n " already running"
}
 
d_stop() {
  kill -QUIT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " not running"
}
 
d_reload() {
  kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " can't reload"
}
 
case "$1" in
  start)
        echo -n "Starting $DESC is success"
        d_start
        echo "."
        ;;
  stop)
        echo -n "Stopping $DESC is success"
        d_stop
        echo "."
        ;;
  reload)
        echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
        d_reload
        echo "reloaded."
  ;;
  restart)
        echo -n "Restarting $DESC is success"
        d_stop
        sleep 1
        d_start
        echo "."
        ;;
  *)
         echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
         exit 3
        ;;
esac
//添加执行权限
[root@localhost init.d]# chmod +x php-fpm
//开启php服务
[root@localhost init.d]# service php-fpm start
[root@localhost init.d]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm daemon is success.
[root@localhost init.d]# ss -antl
State     Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port          Peer Address:Port    
LISTEN    0          128                127.0.0.1:9000               0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:111                0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:80                 0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          32             192.168.122.1:53                 0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                 0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          5                  127.0.0.1:631                0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0          70                         *:33060                    *:*       
LISTEN    0          128                        *:3306                     *:*       
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:111                   [::]:*       
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:22                    [::]:*       
LISTEN    0          5                      [::1]:631                   [::]:*   
[root@localhost init.d]# ps -ef|grep php
root      724088       1  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php8/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nginx     724089  724088  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx     724090  724088  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx     724091  724088  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx     724092  724088  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx     724093  724088  0 06:42 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      725088  198267  0 06:43 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

//下载依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel sqlite-devel libzip-devel libtool
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma/archive/v6.9.4.tar.gz -O oniguruma-6.9.4.tar.gz     //下载此包 后续编译php需要
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxf oniguruma-6.9.4.tar.gz  //解压
[root@localhost ~]# cd oniguruma-6.9.4 
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.4]# dnf -y install automake

//编译安装
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.4]# ./autogen.sh && ./configure --prefix=/usr
Generating autotools files.
libtoolize: putting auxiliary files in '.'.
libtoolize: copying file './ltmain.sh'
libtoolize: putting macros in AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIRS, 'm4'.
[root@localhost oniguruma-6.9.4]# make && make install    ///省略过程
//下载PHP软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-8.1.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-8.1.10/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# make
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# make install   //make编译
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh  //使php命令可以使用
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh    //读取 让其生效
[root@localhost ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-8.1.10/
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini  //将生产环境文件 复制到etc下 
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost fpm]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm  //此文件需要执行权限所以复制过去要看是否有执行(x)权限
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf   //将php-fpm.conf.default 复制一份名为php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-8.1.10]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf    //将www.conf.default 复制一份名为www.conf
[root@localhost ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl  //php-fpm 的默认端口为9000
State     Recv-Q    Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    
LISTEN    0         128                127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*       
LISTEN    0         128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*   
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep php  //查看php的进程
root      681716       1  0 19:57 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    681717  681716  0 19:57 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    681718  681716  0 19:57 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      689388  362392  0 19:59 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php
[root@localhost nginx]# ls
client_body_temp  fastcgi_temp  logs        sbin       uwsgi_temp
conf              html          proxy_temp  scgi_temp
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@localhost html]# ls
index.html
[root@localhost html]# chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx/    //设置apache下的文件目录属组属主都为nginx
[root@localhost html]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 nginx nginx 12 9月   3 20:02 index.html
[root@localhost html]# vim index.php   //创建一个index.php的测试文件
[root@localhost nginx]# cat html/test.com/index.php 
<?php
   phpinfo();
?>

[root@localhost test.com]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf            koi-win             scgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default    mime.types          scgi_params.default
fastcgi_params          mime.types.default  uwsgi_params
fastcgi_params.default  nginx.conf          uwsgi_params.default
koi-utf                 nginx.conf.default  win-utf

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;       //改为刚才创建的文件名
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
[root@localhost conf]# nginx -s stop
[root@localhost conf]# nginx
[root@localhost conf]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q   Send-Q      Local Address:Port       Peer Address:Port   
LISTEN   0        128             127.0.0.1:9000            0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        128               0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        128               0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        32          192.168.122.1:53              0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        128               0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        5               127.0.0.1:631             0.0.0.0:*      
LISTEN   0        80                      *:3306                  *:*      
LISTEN   0        128                  [::]:111                [::]:*      
LISTEN   0        128                  [::]:22                 [::]:*      
LISTEN   0        5                   [::1]:631

7效果

在这里插入图片描述

头发保卫者

关注

1
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
1
评论
nginx常用配置以及部署lnmp

nginx（发音同engine x）是一款轻量级的Web服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like协议下发行。nginx由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，最初供俄国大型的入口网站及搜寻引擎Rambler使用。第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。
复制链接

扫一扫