latex 表格相关语法（全集）

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基本表格

1. tabular 环境：
   使用 tabular 环境创建基本表格：

   \begin{tabular}{列格式}
   内容
   \end{tabular}
   

   其中 列格式 可以是 l（左对齐）、c（居中对齐）、r（右对齐）、|（竖线）等。

   示例：

   \begin{tabular}{l|c|r}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   

表格样式

1. booktabs 包：
   使用 booktabs 包可以创建更美观的表格：

   \usepackage{booktabs}
   
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \toprule
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \midrule
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \bottomrule
   \end{tabular}
   

2. array 包：
   使用 array 包可以自定义列格式：

   \usepackage{array}
   
   \begin{tabular}{>{\bfseries}l c >{\itshape}r}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   

跨行和跨列

1. 跨列：
   使用 \multicolumn 命令实现跨列：

   \begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|}
   \hline
   \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Item} & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   

2. 跨行：
   使用 multirow 包实现跨行：

   \usepackage{multirow}
   
   \begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|}
   \hline
   Item & \multirow{2}{*}{Quantity} & \multirow{2}{*}{Price} \\
   \cline{1-1}
   Apple & & \\
   \hline
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   

表格环境

1. table 环境：
   使用 table 环境可以使表格浮动并添加标题和标签：

   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{This is a table}
   \label{tab:example}
   \end{table}
   

复杂表格

1. longtable 包：
   使用 longtable 包可以创建跨页表格：

   \usepackage{longtable}
   
   \begin{longtable}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   \endfirsthead
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   \endhead
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{longtable}
   

2. tabularx 包：
   使用 tabularx 包可以创建自动调整列宽的表格：

   \usepackage{tabularx}
   
   \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{Xcc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabularx}
   

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3. tabularx 包

   tabularx 包允许自动调整列宽以适应页面宽度。

   \usepackage{tabularx}
   
   \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{Xcc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabularx}
   

4. makecell 包

   makecell 包允许在单元格中使用换行符。

   \usepackage{makecell}
   
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   \makecell{Item \\ (Fruit)} & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   

5. tabu 包

   tabu 包提供了更灵活的表格创建方式，支持多种列格式和自动调整列宽。

   \usepackage{tabu}
   
   \begin{tabu} to \textwidth {X[l] X[c] X[r]}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabu}
   

6. threeparttable 包

   threeparttable 包允许在表格下方添加脚注。

   \usepackage{threeparttable}
   
   \begin{threeparttable}
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \begin{tablenotes}
   \small
   \item[*] Prices are in USD.
   \end{tablenotes}
   \end{threeparttable}
   

7. rotating 包

   rotating 包允许旋转表格。

   \usepackage{rotating}
   
   \begin{sidewaystable}
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Rotated Table}
   \label{tab:rotated}
   \end{sidewaystable}
   

   示例代码

   \documentclass{article}
   \usepackage{booktabs}
   \usepackage{array}
   \usepackage{multirow}
   \usepackage{longtable}
   \usepackage{tabularx}
   \usepackage{makecell}
   \usepackage{tabu}
   \usepackage{threeparttable}
   \usepackage{rotating}
   
   \begin{document}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{l|c|r}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Basic Table}
   \label{tab:basic}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \toprule
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \midrule
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \bottomrule
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Table with Booktabs}
   \label{tab:booktabs}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{>{\bfseries}l c >{\itshape}r}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Table with Array}
   \label{tab:array}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|}
   \hline
   Item & \multirow{2}{*}{Quantity} & \multirow{2}{*}{Price} \\
   \cline{1-1}
   Apple & & \\
   \hline
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Table with Multirow}
   \label{tab:multirow}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{longtable}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   \endfirsthead
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   \endhead
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{longtable}
   \caption{Long Table}
   \label{tab:longtable}
   
   \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{Xcc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabularx}
   \caption{Table with Tabularx}
   \label{tab:tabularx}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   \makecell{Item \\ (Fruit)} & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Table with Makecell}
   \label{tab:makecell}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{tabu} to \textwidth {X[l] X[c] X[r]}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabu}
   \caption{Table with Tabu}
   \label{tab:tabu}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{table}[htbp]
   \centering
   \begin{threeparttable}
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \begin{tablenotes}
   \small
   \item[*] Prices are in USD.
   \end{tablenotes}
   \caption{Table with Threeparttable}
   \label{tab:threeparttable}
   \end{threeparttable}
   \end{table}
   
   \begin{sidewaystable}
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{ccc}
   \hline
   Item & Quantity & Price \\
   \hline
   Apple & 10 & 1.50 \\
   Banana & 5 & 0.75 \\
   \hline
   \end{tabular}
   \caption{Rotated Table}
   \label{tab:rotated}
   \end{sidewaystable}
   
   \end{document}
   

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