Python实现模拟退火算法求解VRP问题

Python实现模拟退火算法求解VRP问题

python代码实现

import pandas as pd
import math
import random
import numpy as np
import copy
import xlsxwriter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class Sol():
    def __init__(self):
        self.nodes_seq=None
        self.obj=None
        self.routes=None
class Node():
    def __init__(self):
        self.id=0
        self.name=''
        self.seq_no=0
        self.x_coord=0
        self.y_coord=0
        self.demand=0
class Model():
    def __init__(self):
        self.best_sol=None
        self.node_list=[]
        self.node_seq_no_list=[]
        self.depot=None
        self.number_of_nodes=0
        self.opt_type=0
        self.vehicle_cap=0

def readXlsxFile(filepath,model):
    # It is recommended that the vehicle depot data be placed in the first line of xlsx file
    node_seq_no = -1#the depot node seq_no is -1,and demand node seq_no is 0,1,2,...
    df = pd.read_excel(filepath)
    for i in range(df.shape[0]):
        node=Node()
        node.id=node_seq_no
        node.seq_no=node_seq_no
        node.x_coord= df['x_coord'][i]
        node.y_coord= df['y_coord'][i]
        node.demand=df['demand'][i]
        if df['demand'][i] == 0:
            model.depot=node
        else:
            model.node_list.append(node)
            model.node_seq_no_list.append(node_seq_no)
        try:
            node.name=df['name'][i]
        except:
            pass
        try:
            node.id=df['id'][i]
        except:
            pass
        node_seq_no=node_seq_no+1
    model.number_of_nodes=len(model.node_list)

def genInitialSol(node_seq):
    node_seq=copy.deepcopy(node_seq)
    random.seed(0)
    random.shuffle(node_seq)
    return node_seq
def createActions(n):
    action_list=[]
    nswap=n//2
    # Single point exchange
    for i in range(nswap):
        action_list.append([1, i, i + nswap])
    # Two point exchange
    for i in range(0, nswap, 2):
        action_list.append([2, i, i + nswap])
    # Reverse sequence
    for i in range(0, n, 4):
        action_list.append([3, i, i + 3])
    return action_list
def doACtion(nodes_seq,action):
    nodes_seq=copy.deepcopy(nodes_seq)
    if action[0]==1:
        index_1=action[1]
        index_2=action[2]
        temporary=nodes_seq[index_1]
        nodes_seq[index_1]=nodes_seq[index_2]
        nodes_seq[index_2]=temporary
        return nodes_seq
    elif action[0]==2:
        index_1 = action[1]
        index_2 = action[2]
        temporary=[nodes_seq[index_1],nodes_seq[index_1+1]]
        nodes_seq[index_1]=nodes_seq[index_2]
        nodes_seq[index_1+1]=nodes_seq[index_2+1]
        nodes_seq[index_2]=temporary[0]
        nodes_seq[index_2+1]=temporary[1]
        return nodes_seq
    elif action[0]==3:
        index_1=action[1]
        index_2=action[2]
        nodes_seq[index_1:index_2+1]=list(reversed(nodes_seq[index_1:index_2+1]))
        return nodes_seq
def splitRoutes(nodes_seq,model):
    num_vehicle = 0
    vehicle_routes = []
    route = []
    remained_cap = model.vehicle_cap
    for node_no in nodes_seq:
        if remained_cap - model.node_list[node_no].demand >= 0:
            route.append(node_no)
            remained_cap = remained_cap - model.node_list[node_no].demand
        else:
            vehicle_routes.append(route)
            route = [node_no]
            num_vehicle = num_vehicle + 1
            remained_cap =model.vehicle_cap - model.node_list[node_no].demand
    vehicle_routes.append(route)
    return num_vehicle,vehicle_routes
def calDistance(route,model):
    distance=0
    depot=model.depot
    for i in range(len(route)-1):
        from_node=model.node_list[route[i]]
        to_node=model.node_list[route[i+1]]
        distance+=math.sqrt((from_node.x_coord-to_node.x_coord)**2+(from_node.y_coord-to_node.y_coord)**2)
    first_node=model.node_list[route[0]]
    last_node=model.node_list[route[-1]]
    distance+=math.sqrt((depot.x_coord-first_node.x_coord)**2+(depot.y_coord-first_node.y_coord)**2)
    distance+=math.sqrt((depot.x_coord-last_node.x_coord)**2+(depot.y_coord - last_node.y_coord)**2)
    return distance
def calObj(nodes_seq,model):
    num_vehicle, vehicle_routes = splitRoutes(nodes_seq, model)
    if model.opt_type==0:
        return num_vehicle,vehicle_routes
    else:
        distance=0
        for route in vehicle_routes:
            distance+=calDistance(route,model)
        return distance,vehicle_routes
def plotObj(obj_list):
    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] #show chinese
    plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False   # Show minus sign
    plt.plot(np.arange(1,len(obj_list)+1),obj_list)
    plt.xlabel('Iterations')
    plt.ylabel('Obj Value')
    plt.grid()
    plt.xlim(1,len(obj_list)+1)
    plt.show()
def outPut(model):
    work = xlsxwriter.Workbook('result.xlsx')
    worksheet = work.add_worksheet()
    worksheet.write(0, 0, 'opt_type')
    worksheet.write(1, 0, 'obj')
    if model.opt_type == 0:
        worksheet.write(0, 1, 'number of vehicles')
    else:
        worksheet.write(0, 1, 'drive distance of vehicles')
    worksheet.write(1, 1, model.best_sol.obj)
    for row, route in enumerate(model.best_sol.routes):
        worksheet.write(row + 2, 0, 'v' + str(row + 1))
        r = [str(i) for i in route]
        worksheet.write(row + 2, 1, '-'.join(r))
    work.close()
def run(filepath,T0,Tf,detaT,v_cap,opt_type):
    """
    :param filepath: Xlsx file path
    :param T0: Initial temperature
    :param Tf: Termination temperature
    :param deltaT: Step or proportion of temperature drop
    :param v_cap:  Vehicle capacity
    :param opt_type: Optimization type:0:Minimize the number of vehicles,1:Minimize travel distance
    :return:
    """
    model=Model()
    model.vehicle_cap=v_cap
    model.opt_type=opt_type
    readXlsxFile(filepath,model)
    action_list=createActions(model.number_of_nodes)
    history_best_obj=[]
    sol=Sol()
    sol.nodes_seq=genInitialSol(model.node_seq_no_list)
    sol.obj,sol.routes=calObj(sol.nodes_seq,model)
    model.best_sol=copy.deepcopy(sol)
    history_best_obj.append(sol.obj)
    Tk=T0
    nTk=len(action_list)
    while Tk>=Tf:
        for i in range(nTk):
            new_sol = Sol()
            new_sol.nodes_seq = doACtion(sol.nodes_seq, action_list[i])
            new_sol.obj, new_sol.routes = calObj(new_sol.nodes_seq, model)
            deta_f=new_sol.obj-sol.obj
            #New interpretation of acceptance criteria
            if deta_f<0 or math.exp(-deta_f/Tk)>random.random():
                sol=copy.deepcopy(new_sol)
            if sol.obj<model.best_sol.obj:
                model.best_sol=copy.deepcopy(sol)
        if detaT<1:
            Tk=Tk*detaT
        else:
            Tk = Tk - detaT
        history_best_obj.append(model.best_sol.obj)
        print("temperature：%s，local obj:%s best obj: %s" % (Tk,sol.obj,model.best_sol.obj))
    plotObj(history_best_obj)
    outPut(model)
if __name__=='__main__':
    file='../data/cvrp.xlsx'
    run(filepath=file,T0=6000,Tf=0.001,detaT=0.9,v_cap=80,opt_type=1)

数据文件