C++之结构体作函数参数

结构体作为函数参数也是分为三种传递方式：

        1、值传递

        2、地址传递

        3、引用传递

依然遵从值传递形参改变不影响实参，地址传递形参改变影响实参，引用传递形参改变影响实参的原则。

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不同之处为，三种传递方法传递时所操作方式不同。

1、值传递例（使用构造体成员时用"."操作）：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
struct Student{//声明学生构造体
    int age;
    string name;
};
struct Teacher//声明老师构造体
{
    int age;
    string name;
    Student student;
};
void IntroduceTeach(Teacher teacher){//老师构造体作为函数参数
    cout << "Name: " << teacher.name << endl;
    cout << "Age: " << teacher.age << endl;
    cout << "Student age: " << teacher.student.age<< endl;
    cout << "Student name: " << teacher.student.name << endl;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
   struct Teacher tea;
   struct Student stu;
   stu.age = 15;
   stu.name = "张三";
   tea.age = 35;
   tea.name = "李华";
   tea.student = stu;
   IntroduceTeach(tea);//函数调用
}

输出：

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 2、地址传递例（使用构造体成员时用"->"操作）：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
struct Student{//声明学生构造体
    int age;
    string name;
};
struct Teacher//声明老师构造体
{
    int age;
    string name;
    Student student;
};
void IntroduceTeach(Teacher *teacher){//老师构造体作为函数参数
    cout << "Name: " << teacher->name << endl;
    cout << "Age: " << teacher->age << endl;
    cout << "Student age: " << teacher->student.age<< endl;
    cout << "Student name: " << teacher->student.name << endl;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
   struct Teacher tea;
   struct Student stu;
   stu.age = 15;
   stu.name = "张三";
   tea.age = 35;
   tea.name = "李华";
   tea.student = stu;
   IntroduceTeach(&tea);//函数调用
}

输出：

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 2、引用传递例（使用构造体成员时用"."操作）：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
struct Student{//声明学生构造体
    int age;
    string name;
};
struct Teacher//声明老师构造体
{
    int age;
    string name;
    Student student;
};
void IntroduceTeach(Teacher &teacher){//老师构造体作为函数参数
    cout << "Name: " << teacher.name << endl;
    cout << "Age: " << teacher.age << endl;
    cout << "Student age: " << teacher.student.age<< endl;
    cout << "Student name: " << teacher.student.name << endl;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
   struct Teacher tea;
   struct Student stu;
   stu.age = 15;
   stu.name = "张三";
   tea.age = 35;
   tea.name = "李华";
   tea.student = stu;
   IntroduceTeach(tea);//函数调用
}

输出：

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 推荐结构体作为参数时进行引用传递或地址传递：

        1、如果进行地址传递就不会令在内存中开辟大块空间去储存变量，只需要一个指针的内存大小即可，如果担心不小心改变了原本的值，则可以使用常量指针进行传递。

        2、而引用的本质也是指针，如果担心不小心改变了原本的值，也可以前面加const进行解决。

注：本文章仅为学习路线中感悟，有错误之处还请指出！