【Mybatis06】Mybatis的注解开发

1.1 Mybatis的常用注解

这几年来注解开发越来越流行，Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式，这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习，再学习复杂映射多表操作。
@Insert：实现新增
@Update：实现更新
@Delete：实现删除
@Select：实现查询
@Result：实现结果集封装
@Results：可以与@Result 一起使用，封装多个结果集
@One：实现一对一结果集封装
@Many：实现一对多结果集封装

1.2 Mybatis基础的CURD

接下来我们完成对User表基础的增删改查操作

在UserMapper接口添加增删改查代码，用注解进行开发操作

	@Select("select * from tb_user")
    public List<User> findAll();

    @Select("select * from tb_user where id = #{id}")
    public User findById(int id);

    @Update("update tb_user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id}")
    public void update(User user);

    @Delete("delete from tb_user where id  = #{id}")
    public void delete(int id);

    @Insert("insert into tb_user (username,password,birthday)values(#{username},#{password},#{birthday})")
    public void insert(User user);

添加测试代码

public class TestCRUD {
    private UserMapper mapper;
    @Before
    public void preTest() throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void test01_findAll(){
        List<User> userList = mapper.findAll();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void test02_findById(){
        User user = mapper.findById(3);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void test03_update(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("lisi");
        user.setPassword("1234");
        user.setId(80);
        user.setBirthday(new Date());
        mapper.update(user);
    }
    @Test
    public void test04_delete(){
        mapper.delete(78);
    }

    @Test
    public void test05_insert(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("hahaha");
        user.setPassword("12345");
        mapper.insert(user);
    	}
    }

我们简单看一下查询全部的运行结果

1.3 Mybatis使用注解实现复杂的映射开发

实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现，使用注解开发后，我们可以使用@Results注解，@Result注解，@One注解，@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配置

1.4 一对一查询

使用注解开发前面几个步骤跟上一篇博客大同小异，接下来我们只演示与xml配置文件有差异的地方。

1. 一对一查询的需求：查询一个订单，与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

2. 使用注解开发，首先我们要得到订单表中的uid，然后用uid去寻找user表中对应的用户信息。

select * from orders;
select * from tb_user where id=查询出订单的uid

3. 创建User实体和Order实体

4. 在OrderMapper中定义接口

5. 使用注解配置

	@Select("select *, o.id oid from orders o,tb_user u where o.uid = u.id")
    @Results({
            @Result(column = "oid",property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "total",property = "total"),
            @Result(column = "ordertime",property = "ordertime"),
            @Result(column = "uid",property = "users.id"),
            @Result(column = "username",property = "users.username"),
            @Result(column = "password",property = "users.password"),
            @Result(column = "brithday",property = "users.brithday")
    })
    public List<Order> queryAll();

使用注解我们还有另一种方法

@Select("select *from orders")
    @Results({
            @Result(column = "oid",property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "total",property = "total"),
            @Result(column = "ordertime",property = "ordertime"),
            @Result(
                    column = "uid",//要根据哪个字段去查询user表的数据
                    property = "users",//封装的属性名称
                    javaType = User.class,//要封装的实体类型
                    one = @One(select = "ex1.mapper.UserMapper.findById")
            )
    })
    public List<Order> queryAll();

这里需要注意，我们是利用查询order表获得的uid去寻找user表中的用户，因此，这里需要调用UserMapper中的findById方法来返回User对象。

@Select("select * from tb_user where id = #{id}")
    public User findById(int id);

6. 添加测试

public class TestDemo2 {

    private OrderMapper mapper;

    @Before
    public void preTest() throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void test01_one_one(){
        List<Order> orderList = mapper.queryAll();
        for (Order order : orderList) {
            System.out.println(order);
        }
    }
}

1.5 一对多查询

1. 需求：查询用户对应的所有订单
2. 查询语句

select * from tb_user
select * from order where uid = “用户表查询出的id”

3. 在User实体中添加List<Order> orderList 属性
4. 在UserMapper中定义相关接口
5. 使用注解代替xml进行开发

@Select("select * from tb_user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,column = "uid",property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "username",property = "username"),
            @Result(column = "password",property = "password"),
            @Result(column = "birthday",property = "birthday"),
            @Result(
                    column = "id",//根据User的id属性去寻找orders当中的订单
                    property = "orderList",//实体中的成员变量
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select = "ex1.mapper.OrderMapper.findById")
            )

    })
    public List<User> queryAllOrders();

这里说明一下，column中的id是从user表中查出的id，根据id去寻找order表中对应的uid
这里需要调用OrderMapper中的findById方法。

@Select("select * from orders where id = #{id}")
public Order findById（int id）

6. 添加测试

 private UserMapper mapper;
    @Before
    public void preTest() throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }
	@Test
    public void test_queryAllOrders(){
        List<User> userList = mapper.queryAllOrders();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

1.6多对多查询

1. 需求分析：查询用户对应的所有角色信息
2. 查询语句

select * from tb_user
select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id

3. 在User实体中添加List<Role> roleList成员变量
4. 在UserMapper中添加findRoles接口
5. 配置注解

@Select("select * from tb_user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,column = "id",property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "username",property = "username"),
            @Result(column = "password",property = "password"),
            @Result(column = "birthday",property = "birthday"),
            @Result(
                    column = "id",//根据User的id属性去寻找orders当中的订单
                    property = "orderList",//实体中的成员变量
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select = "ex1.mapper.OrderMapper.findById")
            )

    })
    public List<User> queryAllOrders();

注意，这里需要调用RoleMapper接口中的findById方法，通过将tb_user表查询到的id传给RoleMapper接口中的findById方法，然后返回Role对象。

@Select("SELECT * from sys_user_role ur , sys_role r where ur.roleId = r.id and ur.userId = #{uid}")
    public Role findByUid(int uid);

6. 添加测试

private UserMapper mapper;
    @Before
    public void preTest() throws IOException {
        InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }
     @Test
    public void test_many_many(){
        List<User> userList = mapper.queryAllRoles();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

ok，至此，通过注解进行简单的单表CURD和多表查询已经演示完毕。