编程实现RGB文件三通道分量的熵计算

一、实验内容

分析test.rgb文件三个通道的概率分布，并通过编程计算各自的熵。图像文件的分辨率为256*256，存储格式为按每个像素BGR分量依次存放。

二、实验程序

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{ 
    //读取文件 
    FILE* fp = fopen("E:\\大三下\\数据压缩\\test1\\test.rgb", "rb");
	FILE* fp1 = fopen("E:\\大三下\\数据压缩\\test1\\r.txt", "w");
	FILE* fp2 = fopen("E:\\大三下\\数据压缩\\test1\\g.txt", "w");
	FILE* fp3 = fopen("E:\\大三下\\数据压缩\\test1\\b.txt", "w");
	
    // 
    int height=256;
	int width=256;
    double height1=256;
	double width1=256;
    
	unsigned char* Y_buffer;
    Y_buffer = new unsigned char[width*height*3];
	fread(Y_buffer, 1, width*height*3, fp);
	
    unsigned char* r;
	r = new unsigned char[width*height];
	unsigned char* g;
	g = new unsigned char[width*height];
	unsigned char* b;
	b = new unsigned char[width*height];
	
	//概率 
	double p_r[256]={0};
	double p_g[256]={0};
	double p_b[256]={0};
	
	//熵 
	double H_r=0;
	double H_g=0;
	double H_b=0; 
	
	//提取rgb分量
	int i=0;
	int j=0;
	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < width*height*3; i = i + 3, j++) 
	{	
	    b[j] = Y_buffer[i + 1];    //注意图像存储格式BGRBGRBGR... 
		g[j] = Y_buffer[i + 1];
		r[j] = Y_buffer[i + 2];
    }
	//计算rgb分量各数值出现次数
	for(i=0;i<256;i++) //分量的取值范围0-255 
	{
		for (j = 0; j < width*height; j++)
		{
			if (r[j] == i) 
			{
				p_r[i]++;
			}
			if (g[j] == i) 
			{
				p_g[i]++;
			}
			if (b[j] == i) 
			{
				p_b[i]++;
			}
		}

	}
	//计算概率
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		p_r[i] = p_r[i] /(width1*height1);
		p_g[i] = p_g[i] /(width1*height1);
		p_b[i] = p_b[i] /(width1*height1);

	}
	
	//计算熵
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		if (p_r[i] != 0)
		{
			H_r += (-1) * p_r[i] * (log(p_r[i]) / log(2.0));
		}
		if (p_g[i] != 0)
		{
			H_g += (-1) * p_g[i] * (log(p_g[i]) / log(2.0));
		}
		if (p_b[i] != 0)
		{
			H_b += (-1) * p_b[i] * (log(p_b[i]) / log(2.0));
		}
		
	}
	//设置txt文件title
	fprintf(fp1, "Symbol\tFrequency\n");
	fprintf(fp2, "Symbol\tFrequency\n");
	fprintf(fp3, "Symbol\tFrequency\n");
	
	//将数据存放进txt文件中
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) 
	{
		fprintf(fp1, "%-3d\t%-8f\n", i, p_r[i]);
		fprintf(fp2, "%-3d\t%-8f\n", i, p_g[i]);
		fprintf(fp3, "%-3d\t%-8f\n", i, p_b[i]);
	}
    cout << "r=" << H_r << endl;
	cout << "g=" << H_g << endl;
	cout << "b=" << H_b << endl;
	return 0;
}

三、实验结果

• 程序运行结果

• 生成的txt文件截图