二进制格式mysql安装

二进制格式mysql安装

下载下来后，用xftp传到虚拟机

先配好yum源，然后进行二进制格式mysql安装：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//创建用户和组
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost src]# id mysql
uid=995(mysql) gid=992(mysql) groups=992(mysql)

//解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/
bin    include  libexec                              share
etc    lib      mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  src
games  lib64    sbin
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec  sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql    share
[root@localhost local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Jun 30 10:06 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul  1 01:59 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Jun 30 10:06 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 21  2021 src

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql
[root@localhost local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root   17 Jun 30 10:06 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Jul  1 01:59 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root  root   49 Jun 30 10:06 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 21  2021 src

//添加环境变量
[root@localhost local]# ls mysql/
bin   include  LICENSE  README  support-files
docs  lib      man      share
[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh		//读一下让它生效
[root@localhost local]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

//include,lib,man文档的操作
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec  sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql    share
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin   include  LICENSE  README  support-files
docs  lib      man      share
[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

/usr/local/mysql/lib
~                                               
[root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/man_db.conf

#
......
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man
......

//建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul  1 09:26 data

//初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# which mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data
......
2022-07-01T01:49:21.922328Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gL1Cw;oZnjih
//请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码，此处密码是gL1Cw;oZnjih
//再次注意，这个密码是随机的，你的不会跟我一样，一定要记住这个密码，因为一会登录时会用到

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'gL1Cw;oZnjih' > pass
//把密码暂时记在一个文件里

//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
cat: /etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]		//固定写法，表示MySQL主程序
basedir = /usr/local/mysql	//安装位置
datadir = /opt/data		//数据存放位置
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid	//进程id号存放位置
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve	//跳过名称解析，意思是数据库不会用域名来访问
#sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
~              

//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin   include  LICENSE  README  support-files
docs  lib      man      share
[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# file mysql.server
mysql.server: POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
[root@localhost support-files]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql   773 Nov 30  2021 magic
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  1061 Nov 30  2021 mysqld_multi.server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   894 Nov 30  2021 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Nov 30  2021 mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# ll
total 36
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql   773 Nov 30  2021 magic
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root  root  10576 Jul  2 19:36 mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  1061 Nov 30  2021 mysqld_multi.server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   894 Nov 30  2021 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Nov 30  2021 mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# ll
total 36
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql   773 Nov 30  2021 magic
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Jul  2 19:36 mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  1061 Nov 30  2021 mysqld_multi.server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   894 Nov 30  2021 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Nov 30  2021 mysql.server

[root@localhost support-files]# vi mysqld
......
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data
......

//启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process                                                      
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                                 
LISTEN 0      80                  *:3306              *:*                                                                 
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                                                                 
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root        3100       1  0 19:43 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql       3288    3100  0 19:43 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root        3324    2941  0 19:44 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

//修改密码
//使用临时密码登录
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat pass
zqeb7ke/7jpI
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'zqeb7ke/7jpI'
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# dnf provides libncurses.so.5
......
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install ncurses-compat-libs
......
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat pass 
zqeb7ke/7jpI
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'zqeb7ke/7jpI'
......
mysql> set password=password('12345');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'12345'
......

//设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service mysqld.service
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysqld.service  pass

[root@localhost ~]# vim mysqld.service

[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
~                                    
[root@localhost ~]# mv mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - mysql server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; e>
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-07-04 01:29:08 CS>
......