OSPF综合实验

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 19:29:35 发布

爱哭子

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 19:29:35 发布

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文章标签：网络服务器运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_69770925/article/details/126954228

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1.拓扑图

二.实验步骤

1.合理配置IP地址，基于172.16.0.0/16 划分

从图中可看出，图中有RIP 以及OSPF,因此在划分网段时，需将两者均考虑进去

共有五个区域以及RIP网段，因此需要划分6个网段以供使用

因此在基于172.16.00000000.00000000网段在主机位借3位进行划分,注意借三位，因此网络掩码变为19

(1)

172.16.000 00000.00000000 172.16.0.0 19 ---area0

因为环回宣告也需要继续进行划分，例如area0中，R1 R2 R3的环回宣告在此区域，因此需要继续借位划分，环回模拟用户网段，用户网段一般不会超过200-300限制，用户网段一般给与24位网络掩码，所以，可以借5位，最终可以有2^5=32个网段。

a.172.16.000 00000. 00000000 172.16.0.0 24 ----P2P(一般借位到30）

172.16.00000000.000000 00 172.16.0.0 30

172.16.00000000.000001 00 172.16.0.4 30

172.16.00000000.000010 00 172.16.0.8 30

b.172.16.000 00001. 00000000 172.16.1.0 24-------MA 区域中通过交换机连接，相当于构建MA网络,由于掩码借位30不够用，一般情况借位到29

172.16.00000001.00000 000 172.16.1.0 29

172.16.00000001.00001 000 172.16.1.8 29 172.16.1.16 29

172.16.2.0 24

172.16.3.0 24

172.16.4.0 24 ......172.16.31.0 24

（2）172.16.001 00000.00000000 172.16.32.0 19---area1

（3）172.16.010 00000.00000000 172.16.64.0 19---area2

（4）172.16.011 00000.00000000 172.16.96.0 19---area3

（5）172.16.100 00000.00000000 172.16.128.0 19---area4

（6）172.16.101 00000.00000000 172.16.160.0 19---rip

（7）图中仅需六个网段，因此剩余两个网段将用来后续的拓展

172.16.110 00000.00000000 172.16.192.0 19

172.16.111 00000.00000000 172.16.224.0 19

补充：网络类型：P2P MA

配置：


[r1]interface g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
Oct 15 2022 20:13:19-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]
ospf激活
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net	
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
配置STUB
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r1]dis	
[r1]display ospf lsdb

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
		 Link State Database 

		         Area: 0.0.0.1
 Type      LinkState ID    AdvRouter          Age  Len   Sequence   Metric
 Router    2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2             34  48    8000000A       1
 Router    1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1             26  48    8000000B       1
 Router    3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3             27  48    80000007       1
 Network   172.16.33.1     1.1.1.1             26  36    80000008       0
 Sum-Net   0.0.0.0         3.3.3.3             99  28    80000001       1
 




AR2:
[r2]interface g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
Oct 15 2022 20:14:34-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r2]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
做完NAT后，可以实现对公网环回的访问结果
<r2>ping 4.4.4.4
  PING 4.4.4.4: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=100 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=70 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=50 ms

  --- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/62/100 ms



AR3:
[r3]interface s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]
Oct 15 2022 19:40:29-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol PPP
 IPCP on the interface Serial4/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2 
[r3]ping 46.0.0.2
  PING 46.0.0.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 46.0.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=170 ms
    Reply from 46.0.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 46.0.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 46.0.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 46.0.0.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 46.0.0.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/52/170 ms
配置中心的MGRE 环境
[r3]interface t	
[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
此处的source必须指定地址，如果是MESH环境，既是中心，又是分支，可以不指定
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
Oct 15 2022 19:54:38-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
注意此处可以通过创建nhrp池来确定目标
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
伪广播开启	
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 29
Oct 15 2022 20:16:31-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]int  l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.1 24
OSPF宣告
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
[r3-ospf-1]display ip interface