模拟楼宇扫光效果(three.js实战12)

1. demo效果

2. 实现要点

2.1 创建shader材质

这一步中主要是为了实现楼宇从下到上的扫光,而定制的着色器材质,在着色器材质中书写顶点着色器和片元着色器,具体如下

    let buildingSweepingLightShader = {
      uniforms: {
        "boxH": {
          type: "f",
          value: -10.0
        }
      },
      vertexShader: `
      varying vec3 vColor;
      varying float v_pz;
      void main(){
        v_pz = position.y;
        vColor = color;
        gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
      }
    `,
      fragmentShader: `
      uniform float boxH;
      varying vec3 vColor;
      varying float v_pz;
      float plot(float pct){
        return smoothstep(pct-8.0,pct,v_pz) - smoothstep(pct,pct+0.02,v_pz);
      }
      void main(){
        float f1 = plot(boxH);
        vec4 b1 = mix(vec4(0.9,0.2,1.0,0.1),vec4(f1,f1,f1,1.0),0.1);

        gl_FragColor = mix(vec4(vColor,1.0),b1,f1);
        gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(gl_FragColor),0.9);

      }
    `
    };

    const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
      uniforms: buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms,
      vertexShader: buildingSweepingLightShader.vertexShader,
      fragmentShader: buildingSweepingLightShader.fragmentShader,
      vertexColors: buildingSweepingLightShader
    })
    material.needsUpdate = true

2.2 创建模拟楼宇Mesh

这里主要使用上一步创建的着色器材质和使用BoxBufferGeometry创建的几何体创建Mesh对象,并随机生成高度模拟楼宇

        function initModel() {
      //创建60个立方体模拟楼宇
      for (let i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
        const height = Math.random() * 10 + 2
        const width = 3
        const cubeGeom = new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry(width, height, width)
        cubeGeom.setAttribute('color', new THREE.BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(24 * 3), 3))
        const colors = cubeGeom.attributes.color
        let r = Math.random() * 0.2,
          g = Math.random() * 0.1,
          b = Math.random() * 0.8
        //设置立方体六个面24个顶点的颜色  
        for (let i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
          colors.setXYZ(i, r, g, 0.6)
        }
        //重置立方体顶部四边形的四个顶点的颜色
        const k = 2
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 0, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 1, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 2, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 3, .0, g, 1.0)
        const cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeom, material)
        cube.position.set(Math.random() * 100 - 50, height / 2, Math.random() * 100 - 50)
        scene.add(cube)

        //绘制边框线
        const lineGeom = new THREE.EdgesGeometry(cubeGeom)
        const lineMaterial = new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({
          color: 0x018BF5,
          linewidth: 1,
          linecap: 'round',
          linejoin: 'round'
        })
        const line = new THREE.LineSegments(lineGeom, lineMaterial)
        line.scale.copy(cube.scale)
        line.rotation.copy(cube.rotation)
        line.position.copy(cube.position)
        scene.add(line)
      }
    }

2.3 render中更新uniform变量

这一步主要是通过着色器材质中的uniform变量boxH向着色器中传值楼宇中扫光的高度,具体如下

buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value += 0.1
if (buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value > 10) {
    buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value = -10
}

3. demo代码

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>
  <title>Example 12 - buildingSweepingLight</title>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="../three/build/three.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="../three/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="../three/examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script>


  <style>
    body {
      margin: 0;
      overflow: hidden;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>

  <div id="Stats-output"></div>
  <div id="WebGL-output"></div>

  <script type="text/javascript">
    let stats, controls;
    let camera, scene, renderer;
    let buildingSweepingLightShader = {
      uniforms: {
        "boxH": {
          type: "f",
          value: -10.0
        }
      },
      vertexShader: `
      varying vec3 vColor;
      varying float v_pz;
      void main(){
        v_pz = position.y;
        vColor = color;
        gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
      }
    `,
      fragmentShader: `
      uniform float boxH;
      varying vec3 vColor;
      varying float v_pz;
      float plot(float pct){
        return smoothstep(pct-8.0,pct,v_pz) - smoothstep(pct,pct+0.02,v_pz);
      }
      void main(){
        float f1 = plot(boxH);
        vec4 b1 = mix(vec4(0.9,0.2,1.0,0.1),vec4(f1,f1,f1,1.0),0.1);

        gl_FragColor = mix(vec4(vColor,1.0),b1,f1);
        gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(gl_FragColor),0.9);

      }
    `
    };

    const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
      uniforms: buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms,
      vertexShader: buildingSweepingLightShader.vertexShader,
      fragmentShader: buildingSweepingLightShader.fragmentShader,
      vertexColors: buildingSweepingLightShader
    })
    material.needsUpdate = true

    function initScene() {
      scene = new THREE.Scene();
    }

    function initCamera() {
      camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000);
      camera.position.set(30, 40, 80)
      camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0));
    }

    function initLight() {
      //添加环境光
      var ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff);
      scene.add(ambientLight);

      var spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);
      spotLight.position.set(5, 10, 20);
      spotLight.castShadow = true;
      scene.add(spotLight);
    }


    function initModel() {
      //创建60个立方体模拟楼宇
      for (let i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
        const height = Math.random() * 10 + 2
        const width = 3
        const cubeGeom = new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry(width, height, width)
        cubeGeom.setAttribute('color', new THREE.BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(24 * 3), 3))
        const colors = cubeGeom.attributes.color
        let r = Math.random() * 0.2,
          g = Math.random() * 0.1,
          b = Math.random() * 0.8
        //设置立方体六个面24个顶点的颜色  
        for (let i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
          colors.setXYZ(i, r, g, 0.6)
        }
        //重置立方体顶部四边形的四个顶点的颜色
        const k = 2
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 0, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 1, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 2, .0, g, 1.0)
        colors.setXYZ(k * 4 + 3, .0, g, 1.0)
        const cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeom, material)
        cube.position.set(Math.random() * 100 - 50, height / 2, Math.random() * 100 - 50)
        scene.add(cube)

        //绘制边框线
        const lineGeom = new THREE.EdgesGeometry(cubeGeom)
        const lineMaterial = new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({
          color: 0x018BF5,
          linewidth: 1,
          linecap: 'round',
          linejoin: 'round'
        })
        const line = new THREE.LineSegments(lineGeom, lineMaterial)
        line.scale.copy(cube.scale)
        line.rotation.copy(cube.rotation)
        line.position.copy(cube.position)
        scene.add(line)
      }
    }

    function initRender() {

      renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({
        antialias: true,
        alpha: true
      })
      renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
      renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
      renderer.setClearColor(0x0f2d48, 1) // 设置背景颜色
      renderer.toneMapping = THREE.ACESFilmicToneMapping;
      document.getElementById("WebGL-output").appendChild(renderer.domElement);
    }

    //初始化轨道控制器
    function initControls() {
      clock = new THREE.Clock() // 创建THREE.Clock对象,用于计算上次调用经过的时间
      controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
    }

    function init() {
      initScene();
      initCamera();
      initLight();
      initRender();
      initStats();
      initControls();
      initModel();
      render();
    }

    function updateFun() {
      stats.update();
      const delta = clock.getDelta() // 获取自上次调用的时间差
      controls.update(delta) // 相机更新

      buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value += 0.1
      if (buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value > 10) {
        buildingSweepingLightShader.uniforms.boxH.value = -10
      }
    }

    function render() {

      updateFun()
      requestAnimationFrame(render);
      renderer.render(scene, camera);
    }

    function initStats() {
      stats = new Stats();
      stats.setMode(0); // 0: fps, 1: ms

      document.getElementById("Stats-output").appendChild(stats.domElement);
    }

    window.onload = init;
  </script>
</body>

</html>

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