tensorflow中Dropout相关的Demo

import tensorflow as tf

with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    d = tf.constant([
                        [[1., 2., 3., 4.], [5., 6., 7., 8.], [9., 10., 11., 12.], [13., 14., 15., 16.]],
                        [[1., 2., 3., 4.], [5., 6., 7., 8.], [9., 10., 11., 12.], [13., 14., 15., 16.]]
                    ])

    after_dropout = tf.nn.dropout(d, 0.6)
    result = sess.run(after_dropout)
    print(result)

打印结果为：
[[[ 1.25 2.5 3.75 5. ]
[ 6.25 7.5 8.75 10. ]
[ 11.25 12.5 0. 15. ]
[ 0. 0. 18.75 20. ]]

[[ 1.25 2.5 3.75 5. ]
[ 6.25 0. 8.75 10. ]
[ 0. 0. 13.75 0. ]
[ 0. 17.5 18.75 0. ]]]

所以我们可以直观地看到，dropout为0.8的作用为：将所有元素除以0.8，然后随机挑选20%的数值，将这些数值设置为0。