【C++】引用变量（1）

   创建引用变量

int rats;
int & rodents = rats;
<p>
</p>

&不是地址运算符，而是类型标示符的一部分。就像声明中的char*指的是char的指针一样，int &指的是指向int的引用。

int rats =101;
int & rodents = rats;
int * prats = &rats;

表达式rodents和*prats都可以互换，而表达式&rodents和prats都可以同&rats互换。

引用和声明的不同之处在于，必须声明引用时将其初始化，不能像指针一样，先声明，后赋值。

int & rondents = rats;

实际上是下述代码的伪装表示；

int * const pr = & rats;

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    int rats = 101;
    int & rodents = rats;   //创建引用

    cout << "rats = " << rats;
    cout << ", rodents = " << rodents << endl;

    cout << "rats address = " << &rats;
    cout << ", rodents address = " << &rodents << endl;

    int bunnies = 50;
    rodents = bunnies;       
    cout << "bunnies = " << bunnies;
    cout << ", rats = " << rats;
    cout << ", rodents = " << rodents << endl;

    cout << "bunnies address = " << &bunnies;
    cout << ", rodents address = " << &rodents << endl;
    // cin.get();
    return 0; 
}

输出：