Pytorch入门实战-----线性模型

基础知识tensor跟Variable这些就不多说了，博客也很多，随便搜一下就好了呢。

直接进入主题：下面就来完成一个小案例，红色的点就是原始数据，如何利用这些数据拟合出一条合适的直线呢，比如下面的红线，来作为预测。我们可以利用神经网络来实现它。

导入所需要的包：

#导入所需要的包
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from torch.autograd import Variable

定义超参数，方便后面的调参：

#定义超参数
input_size = 1
output_size = 1
num_epochs = 100
learning_rate = 0.001

给出一些用作网络训练的数据集：

x_train = np.array([[3.3], [4.4], [5.5], [6.71], [6.93], [4.168],
                    [9.779], [6.182], [7.59], [2.167], [7.042],
                    [10.791], [5.313], [7.997], [3.1]], dtype=np.float32)

y_train = np.array([[1.7], [2.76], [2.09], [3.19], [1.694], [1.573],
                    [3.366], [2.596], [2.53], [1.221], [2.827],
                    [3.465], [1.65], [2.904], [1.3]], dtype=np.float32)

定义神经网络：

class LinearRegression(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,input_size,output_size):
        super(LinearRegression, self).__init__()
        self.linear = nn.Linear(input_size,output_size)

    def forward(self,x):
        out = self.linear(x)

        return out

定义网络训练的loss以及优化器：

#定义loss
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
#定义优化器
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(),lr=learning_rate)

接下来就可以训练了：

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    inputs = Variable(torch.from_numpy(x_train))
    targets = Variable(torch.from_numpy(y_train))
    #梯度置零
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    outputs = model(inputs)
    #计算loss
    loss = criterion(outputs,targets)
    #loss反向传播
    loss.backward()
    #更新参数
    optimizer.step()

    if (epoch+1) % 5 == 0:
        print('Epoch [%d/%d],Loss: %.4f' % (epoch+1,num_epochs,loss.item()))

画图测试一下结果：

predicted = model(Variable(torch.from_numpy(x_train))).data.numpy()
plt.plot(x_train,y_train,'ro',label='Original data')
plt.plot(x_train,predicted,label='Fitted line')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

保存模型：

torch.save(model.state_dict(),'model.pkl')

完整代码如下：

#导入所需要的包
import torch
import numpy as np
import torch.nn as nn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from torch.autograd import Variable

#定义超参数
input_size = 1
output_size = 1
num_epochs = 100
learning_rate = 0.001

#数据集
x_train = np.array([[3.3], [4.4], [5.5], [6.71], [6.93], [4.168],
                    [9.779], [6.182], [7.59], [2.167], [7.042],
                    [10.791], [5.313], [7.997], [3.1]], dtype=np.float32)

y_train = np.array([[1.7], [2.76], [2.09], [3.19], [1.694], [1.573],
                    [3.366], [2.596], [2.53], [1.221], [2.827],
                    [3.465], [1.65], [2.904], [1.3]], dtype=np.float32)
#定义线性模型
class LinearRegression(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,input_size,output_size):
        super(LinearRegression, self).__init__()
        self.linear = nn.Linear(input_size,output_size)

    def forward(self,x):
        out = self.linear(x)

        return out

model = LinearRegression(input_size,output_size)
#定义loss
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
#定义优化器
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(),lr=learning_rate)

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    inputs = Variable(torch.from_numpy(x_train))
    targets = Variable(torch.from_numpy(y_train))
    #梯度置零
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    outputs = model(inputs)
    #计算loss
    loss = criterion(outputs,targets)
    #loss反向传播
    loss.backward()
    #更新参数
    optimizer.step()

    if (epoch+1) % 5 == 0:
        print('Epoch [%d/%d],Loss: %.4f' % (epoch+1,num_epochs,loss.item()))

predicted = model(Variable(torch.from_numpy(x_train))).data.numpy()
plt.plot(x_train,y_train,'ro',label='Original data')
plt.plot(x_train,predicted,label='Fitted line')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

torch.save(model.state_dict(),'model.pkl')

注：pytorch1.0