实验拓扑:
其实单区域测试路由没必要拉这么多^_^
概念解释:
开放式最短路径优先(OSPF):是一种基于链路状态的内部网关路由协议
Router ID:是在OSPF区域内唯一标识一台路由器的IP地址
OSPF对比RIP
1、RIP适用于中小网络,比较简单
2、OSPF适用于较大规模网络,可分区域
3、RIP是一种基于距离矢量算法的路由协议,收敛慢、容易环路、可扩展性差。
实验目的:单区域内通过OSPF实现网络连通性
步骤1:路由的基本配置
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.10.254 24
Apr 28 2022 16:24:30-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.125.10.1 24
R2:
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.125.10.2 24
Apr 28 2022 16:25:24-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol
IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.68.10.1 24
........
PS:由于路由较多,基本配置就不一 一写出。
步骤2:配置OSPF
[R1]osp
[R1]ospf
[R1]ospf r
[R1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1 #开启OSPF进程 并配置router id
[R1-ospf-1]a
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net #宣告网段
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.125.10.0 255.255.255.0
.........安装此步骤配置,不一一举例。
步骤3:查看全局路由表
<R1>disp ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 10.125.10.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
10.125.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.125.10.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
10.125.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
10.125.10.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.18.10.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 10.125.10.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.68.10.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.125.10.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.10.254 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.10.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.10.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.50.0/24 OSPF 10 5 D 10.125.10.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
步骤4:验证,ping 两个PC是否连通
PC>ping 192.168.50.1 -t
Ping 192.168.50.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=47 ms
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=31 ms
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=47 ms
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=31 ms
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=6 ttl=123 time=31 ms
From 192.168.50.1: bytes=32 seq=7 ttl=123 time=47 ms
互连成功
结:OSPF协议通过将自治系统划分成不同的区域,将LSA泛洪限制在一个区域内,提高网络的利用率和路由的收敛速率。