参考MSDN: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms740149(v=vs.85).aspx
The send function sends data on a connected socket.
Syntax
int send(
_In_ SOCKET s,
_In_ const char *buf,
_In_ int len,
_In_ int flags
);
Parameters
-
s [in]
-
A descriptor identifying a connected socket.
buf [in]
-
A pointer to a buffer containing the data to be transmitted.
len [in]
-
The length, in bytes, of the data in buffer pointed to by the buf parameter.
flags [in]
-
A set of flags that specify the way in which the call is made. This parameter is constructed by using the bitwise OR operator with any of the following values.
Return value
If no error occurs, send returns the total number of bytes sent, which can be less than the number requested to be sent in the len parameter. Otherwise, a value of SOCKET_ERROR is returned, and a specific error code can be retrieved by calling WSAGetLastError.
Remarks
The send function is used to write outgoing data on a connected socket.
For message-oriented sockets (address family of AF_INET or AF_INET6, type of SOCK_DGRAM, and protocol of IPPROTO_UDP, for example), care must be taken not to exceed the maximum packet size of the underlying provider. The maximum message packet size for a provider can be obtained by calling getsockopt with the optname parameter set to SO_MAX_MSG_SIZE to retrieve the value of socket option. If the data is too long to pass atomically through the underlying protocol, the error WSAEMSGSIZE is returned, and no data is transmitted.
The successful completion of a send function does not indicate that the data was successfully delivered and received to the recipient. This function only indicates the data was successfully sent.
Example Code
The following example demonstrates the use of the send function.
#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <Ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// Link with ws2_32.lib
#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")
#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512
#define DEFAULT_PORT 27015
int main() {
//----------------------
// Declare and initialize variables.
int iResult;
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET ConnectSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
struct sockaddr_in clientService;
int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
char *sendbuf = "Client: sending data test";
char recvbuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
//----------------------
// Initialize Winsock
iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);
if (iResult != NO_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"WSAStartup failed with error: %d\n", iResult);
return 1;
}
//----------------------
// Create a SOCKET for connecting to server
ConnectSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
wprintf(L"socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
//----------------------
// The sockaddr_in structure specifies the address family,
// IP address, and port of the server to be connected to.
clientService.sin_family = AF_INET;
clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( "127.0.0.1" );
clientService.sin_port = htons( DEFAULT_PORT );
//----------------------
// Connect to server.
iResult = connect( ConnectSocket, (SOCKADDR*) &clientService, sizeof(clientService) );
if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"connect failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError() );
closesocket(ConnectSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
//----------------------
// Send an initial buffer
iResult = send( ConnectSocket, sendbuf, (int)strlen(sendbuf), 0 );
if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
closesocket(ConnectSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
printf("Bytes Sent: %d\n", iResult);
// shutdown the connection since no more data will be sent
iResult = shutdown(ConnectSocket, SD_SEND);
if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"shutdown failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
closesocket(ConnectSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
// Receive until the peer closes the connection
do {
iResult = recv(ConnectSocket, recvbuf, recvbuflen, 0);
if ( iResult > 0 )
wprintf(L"Bytes received: %d\n", iResult);
else if ( iResult == 0 )
wprintf(L"Connection closed\n");
else
wprintf(L"recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
} while( iResult > 0 );
// close the socket
iResult = closesocket(ConnectSocket);
if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
wprintf(L"close failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}