1. 简介
互斥量对象是一种用来实现线程间互斥的Windows内核对象,与关键代码段相比,它具有以下特点:
*互斥量是一种内核对象.
*互斥量可以命名,从而实现跨进程的互斥.
*比关键代码段占用更多资源.
互斥量对象的相关操作:
*CreateMutex: 创建互斥量
*OpenMutex: 打开互斥量
*ReleaseMutex: 触发互斥量
*WaitForSingleObject: 等待互斥量被触发
*CloseHandle: 关闭对象
2. 使用方法举例
代码如下:
/***************************/
/* MutexTest.cpp */
/***************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h>
// 线程个数.
#define THREAD_COUNT 8
// 互斥量句柄.
HANDLE g_hMutex;
// 全局资源.
int g_nCount;
// 线程方法.
unsigned int __stdcall ThreadFunc(void *pParam);
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
HANDLE hThreads[THREAD_COUNT];
int i;
// 初始化.
g_nCount = 0;
// 创建互斥量时,第二个参数FALSE表示其初始状态为触发.
g_hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
if(NULL == g_hMutex)
{
printf("【主线程】创建互斥量对象失败.""\n");
return 1;
}
// 运行各子线程.
for(i=0; i<THREAD_COUNT; ++i)
{
hThreads[i] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ThreadFunc, NULL, 0, NULL);
if(NULL == hThreads[i])
{
printf("【主线程】创建子线程失败.""\n");
return 1;
}
}
WaitForMultipleObjects(THREAD_COUNT, hThreads, TRUE, INFINITE);
// 清理.
for(i=0; i<THREAD_COUNT; ++i)
{
CloseHandle(hThreads[i]);
}
CloseHandle(g_hMutex);
return 0;
}
unsigned int __stdcall ThreadFunc(void *pParam)
{
DWORD dwWaitRes;
DWORD dwThreadId;
// 获取线程ID.
dwThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
// 触碰全局资源.
dwWaitRes = WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex, INFINITE);
if(WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dwWaitRes)
{
printf("【线程%d】当前全局资源状态为:%d.""\n", dwThreadId, g_nCount);
g_nCount++;
Sleep(10);
printf("【线程%d】当前全局资源状态为:%d.""\n", dwThreadId, g_nCount);
ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);
return 0;
}
else
{
printf("【线程%d】无法获取互斥量""\n");
return 1;
}
}
运行结果:
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