int型整数进行除法运算时自动向下取整,如: a = 3,b = 4 则a/b = 0 a = 3, b = 2则a/b = 1 第一个算式意为对a/b向上取整: (a+b-1)/b 第二个算式意为对a/b向下取整: a/b