Contents
Preface to the Third Edition, vii
Preface to the Second Edition, ix
Preface to the First Edition, xi
Preliminaries, 1
Part 1: Preliminaries, 1
Part 2: Algebraic Structures, 17
Part I---Basic Linear Algebra, 33
1 Vector Spaces, 35
Vector Spaces, 35
Subspaces, 37
Direct Sums, 40
Spanning Sets and Linear Independence, 44
The Dimension of a Vector Space, 48
Ordered Bases and Coordinate Matrices, 51
The Row and Column Spaces of a Matrix, 52
The Complexification of a Real Vector Space, 53
Exercises, 55
2 Linear Transformations, 59
Linear Transformations, 59
The Kernel and Image of a Linear Transformation, 61
Isomorphisms, 62
The Rank Plus Nullity Theorem, 63
Linear Transformations from to , 64
Change of Basis Matrices, 65
The Matrix of a Linear Transformation, 66
Change of Bases for Linear Transformations, 68
Equivalence of Matrices, 68
Similarity of Matrices, 70
Similarity of Operators, 71
Invariant Subspaces and Reducing Pairs, 72
Projection Operators, 73
xiv Contents
Topological Vector Spaces, 79
Linear Operators on , 82
Exercises, 83
3 The Isomorphism Theorems, 87
Quotient Spaces, 87
The Universal Property of Quotients and
the First Isomorphism Theorem, 90
Quotient Spaces, Complements and Codimension, 92
Additional Isomorphism Theorems, 93
Linear Functionals, 94
Dual Bases, 96
Reflexivity, 100
Annihilators, 101
Operator Adjoints, 104
Exercises, 106
4 Modules I: Basic Properties, 109
Motivation, 109
Modules, 109
Submodules, 111
Spanning Sets, 112
Linear Independence, 114
Torsion Elements, 115
Annihilators, 115
Free Modules, 116
Homomorphisms, 117
Quotient Modules, 117
The Correspondence and Isomorphism Theorems, 118
Direct Sums and Direct Summands, 119
Modules Are Not as Nice as Vector Spaces, 124
Exercises, 125
5 Modules II: Free and Noetherian Modules, 127
The Rank of a Free Module, 127
Free Modules and Epimorphisms, 132
Noetherian Modules, 132
The Hilbert Basis Theorem, 136
Exercises, 137