setp的好处是一次性可以设置多根线条的样式

现在我们添加图后，没有指定x轴代表什么，y轴代表什么，以及这个图的标题是什么。因此以下我们通过一些属性来设置一下。

设置线条样式：

1. 使用plot方法：plot方法就是用来绘制线条的，因此可以在绘制的时候就把线条相关的样式通过参数传进去。示例代码如下：

 plt.plot(x,y,linewidth=2)

 

1. 通过Line2D对象来设置：plot方法会返回一个装有Line2D对象的列表，比如lines=plt.plot(x1,y1,x2,y2)因为绘制了两根线条，因此lines中会有两个2D对象。而如果plot只绘制一根线条，那么lines中就只有一Line2D对象。拿到这个Line2D对象后就可以通过set_属性名设置线条的样式了：

 lines = plt.plot(x,y)
 line = lines[0]
 line.set_aa(False) #关掉反锯齿
 line.set_alpha(0.5) #设置0.5的透明度

 

1. 使用plt.setp来设置：示例代码如下：

lines = plt.plot(x,y)
 plt.setp(lines,linewidth=10,alpha=0.5)

 

1. 更多Line2D属性：

    

   

设置轴和标题：

1. 设置轴名称：可以通过plt.xlabel和plt.ylabel来设置x轴和y轴的的名称。示例代码如下：

 plt.plot(x,y,linewidth=10,color='red')
 plt.xlabel("x轴")
 plt.ylabel("y轴")

 

默认情况下是显示不了中文的。需要设置字体。可以通过以下代码来实现：

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https://dribbble.com/alashan/collections/4637315，https://dribbble.com/qing857/collections/4639911
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https://dribbble.com/akesubl/collections/4637491，https://dribbble.com/ijin181/collections/4640104
https://dribbble.com/akesubl/collections/4637490，https://dribbble.com/ijin181/collections/4640102
https://dribbble.com/akesubl/collections/4637488，https://dribbble.com/ijin181/collections/4640101
https://dribbble.com/akesubl/collections/4637487，https://dribbble.com/ijin181/collections/4640100
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637530，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640150
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637529，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640148
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637528，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640147
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637527，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640146
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637526，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640145
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637525，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640143
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637524，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640142
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637523，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640141
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637522，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640140
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637521，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640138
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637519，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640137
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637518，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640136
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637517，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640135
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637516，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640134
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637514，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640133
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637513，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640131
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637512，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640130
https://dribbble.com/aletaib/collections/4637511，https://dribbble.com/odin307/collections/4640129
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637551，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640178
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637550，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640177
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637548，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640176
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637547，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640174
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637546，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640173
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637545，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640172
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637544，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640169
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637543，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640168
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637542，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640166
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637541，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640164
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637539，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640163
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637538，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640162
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637537，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640161
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637536，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640160
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637535，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640159
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637534，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640157
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637533，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640155
https://dribbble.com/beiaili/collections/4637532，https://dribbble.com/otou938/collections/4640154
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637571，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640202
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637570，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640201
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637569，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640199
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637568，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640197
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637567，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640196
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637566，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640195
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637565，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640194
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637563，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640193
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637562，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640192
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637561，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640191
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637560，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640190
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637559，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640189
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637558，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640188
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637557，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640186
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637556，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640185
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637555，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640184
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637554，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640182
https://dribbble.com/baodyiz/collections/4637553，https://dribbble.com/yann176/collections/4640181
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637595，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640225
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637594，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640224
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637593，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640223
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637592，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640220
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637591，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640219
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637589，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640218
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637588，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640216
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637587，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640215
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637586，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640214
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637584，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640213
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637583，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640212
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637578，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640211
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637577，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640208
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637576，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640207
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637575，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640206
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637574，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640205
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637573，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640204
https://dribbble.com/baotoub/collections/4637572，https://dribbble.com/nxib740/collections/4640203
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637616，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640252
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637615，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640251
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637614，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640250
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637613，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640248
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637612，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640246
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637611，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640244
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637610，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640241
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637609，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640240
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637608，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640239
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637607，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640238
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637606，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640236
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637604，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640235
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637603，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640234
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637602，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640233
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637601，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640231
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637599，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640230
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637598，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640229
https://dribbble.com/bayanna/collections/4637597，https://dribbble.com/isha281/collections/4640228
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637637，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640276
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637635，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640275
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637634，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640274
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637633，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640272
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637632，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640269
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637631，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640268
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637629，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640267
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637628，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640266
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637627，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640264
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637626，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640263
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637625，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640262
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637624，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640260
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637623，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640259
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637622，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640258
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637621，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640257
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637620，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640256
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637618，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640255
https://dribbble.com/benxibl/collections/4637617，https://dribbble.com/iche849/collections/4640254
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637658，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640297
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637657，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640296
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637656，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640295
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637655，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640294
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637654，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640293
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637652，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640291
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637651，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640290
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637650，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640289
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637649，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640287
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637648，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640286
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637647，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640285
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637646，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640284
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637645，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640283
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637644，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640282
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637643，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640281
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637642，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640280
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637641，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640279
https://dribbble.com/asha926/collections/4637640，https://dribbble.com/ngbu931/collections/4640277
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637680，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640346
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637679，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640344
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637678，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640341
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637676，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640339
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637675，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640337
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637674，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640334
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637673，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640332
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637672，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640330
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637671，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640327
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637670，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640325
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637669，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640323
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637668，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640321
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637667，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640318
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637666，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640316
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637665，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640314
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637664，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640312
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637662，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640310
https://dribbble.com/shan394/collections/4637661，https://dribbble.com/nzho679/collections/4640308
 

 # 加载字体
 from matplotlib import font_manager
 font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttc")
 plt.plot(x,y,linewidth=10,color='red')
 plt.xlabel("x轴",fontproperties=font)
 plt.ylabel("y轴",fontproperties=font)

 

加载字体的时候，可以到C:\Windows\Fonts中找你喜欢的并且可以显示中文的字体。找到字体后，还需要找到字体的真实名称。方法是右键->属性->安全->对象名称：

 

1. 设置标题：可以通过plt.title方法来实现。示例代码如下：

font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttc")
plt.title("sin函数",fontproperties=font)

 

1. 设置x轴和y轴的刻度：之前我们画的图，x轴和y轴的刻度都是matplotlib自动生成的。如果想要在生成图的时候手动的指定，那么可以通过plt.xticks和plt.yticks来实现：

plt.xticks(range(0,20,2)) #在x轴上的刻度是0,2,4,6...20

 

以上会把那个刻度显示在x轴上。如果想要显示字符串类型，那么可以再构造一个数组，这个数组的长度必须和x轴刻度的长度保持一致。然后传给xticks的第二个参数。示例代码如下：

_x = range(0,20,2)
_xticks = ["%d坐标"%i for i in _x]
plt.xticks(_x,_xticks,fontproperties=font) #在x轴上的刻度是0坐标,2坐标...20坐标

 

 

同样y轴的刻度设置也是一样的。示例代码如下：

_y = np.arange(-1,1,0.25)
_yticks = ["%.2f点"%i for i in _y]
plt.yticks(_y,_yticks,fontproperties=font)

 

效果图如下：

 

 

复仇者联盟电影票房案例：

avenger = [17974.4,50918.4,30033.0,40329.1,52330.2,19833.3,11902.0,24322.6,47521.8,32262.0,22841.9,12938.7,4835.1,3118.1,2570.9,2267.9,1902.8,2548.9,5046.6,3600.8]
plt.figure(figsize=(15,5))
plt.plot(avenger,marker="o")
font.set_size(10)
plt.xticks(range(20),["第%d天"%x for x in range(1,21)],fontproperties=font)
plt.xlabel("天数",fontproperties=font)
plt.ylabel("票房数(万)",fontproperties=font)
plt.grid()

 

设置marker：

有时候，我们想要在一些关键点上重点标记出来。那么我们可以通过设置marker来实现。示例代码如下：

x = np.linspace(0,20)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x,y,marker="o")

 

 

我们设置了marker为o，这样就是会在(x,y)的坐标点上显示出来，并且显示的是圆点。其中o跟之前的线条样式的简写是一样的。另外，还可以通过markerfacecolor属性和markersize来指定标记点的颜色和大小。示例代码如下：

###  以下设置标记点的颜色为黑色，尺寸为10
plt.plot(x,y,marker="o",markerfacecolor='k',markersize=10)

 

设置注释文本：

有时候需要在图形中的某个点标记或者注释一下。那么我们可以使用plt.annotate(text,xy,xytext,arrowprops={})来实现，其中text是注释的文本，xy是需要注释的点的坐标，xytext是注释文本的坐标，arrowprops是箭头的样式属性。

示例代码如下：

ax = plt.subplot(111)

x = np.arange(0.0, 5.0, 0.01)
y = np.cos(2*np.pi*t)
line, = plt.plot(x, y,linewidth=2)

plt.annotate('local max', xy=(2, 1), xytext=(3, 1.5),
arrowprops=dict(facecolor='black',shrink=0.05),
)

plt.ylim(-2, 2)
plt.show()

 

设置图形样式：

如果想要调整图片的大小和像素，可以通过plt.figure(num=None, figsize=None, dpi=None, facecolor=None, edgecolor=None, frameon=True)来实现。 其中num是图的编号，figsize的单位是英寸，dpi是每英寸的像素点，facecolor是图片背景颜色，edgecolor是边框颜色，frameon代表是否绘制画板。

示例代码如下：

plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
###  其他的绘制图形的代码

 

我们也可以使用grid方法，来显示图片的网格：

plt.plot(x,y,color="r")
plt.grid()

 

保存图片：

可以调用plt.savefig(path)来保存当前的图片。

示例代码如下：

plt.savefig("./abc.png")