问题及代码:
/*
*All rights reserved.
*文件名称:test.cpp
*作 者:尚 月
*完成日期:2015年 04 月 29 日
*版本号:V1.0
*
*问题描述:用类的友元函数,而不是成员函数,定义复数类重载运算+,-,*,/,使之能用于复数的加减乘除
*输入描述:无
*程序输出:按要求输出
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex()
{
real=0,imag=0;
}
Complex(double r,double i)
{
real=r,imag=i;
}
friend Complex operator+( Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator*( Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator/( Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
//下面定义成员函数
//复数相加: (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
//复数相减:(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.
Complex operator-( Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=c1.real-c2.real;
c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;
return c;
}
//复数相乘:(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i.
Complex operator*(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;
return c;
}
//复数相除:(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i
Complex operator/( Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
return c;
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout<<"( "<<real<<","<<imag<<"i )"<<endl;
}
//下面定义用于测试的main()函数
int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
cout<<"c1=";
c1.display();
cout<<"c2=";
c2.display();
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
学习总结:友元类可以用c.real or c.imag 的形式直接访问私有数据成员;友元display 的实现,不加Complex::