数据存储之外部存储

外部存储的特点：
1，外部存储不一定是有效的
2,数据存储是全局可读的  可以被别的程序读取

3，当删除本应用程序  内部私有的数据会被删除

代码：

Utils:

package com.qianfeng.extranalstorage.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;

public class SdCardUtils {

	/**
	 * 他是用来判断外部设备存储是否可用
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean isExtraStorage() {
		boolean bl = false;
		// 获取外部存储状态 与外部可读写状态比较 返回值 相等 true 不相等是false
		if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
				Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			bl = true;
		}
		return bl;
	}

	/**
	 * 写入一个外部存储(公共)
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean WriteStoragePublic(Context context, String fileName,
			String content) {
		boolean isStorage = false;
		// 创建外部存储文件 Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS
		// 类型必须指定 否则报错
		// 存储路径 mnt/sdcard/Download/fileName
		File file = new File(
				Environment
						.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
				fileName);
		FileOutputStream outputStream = null;
		try {
			outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
			outputStream.write(content.getBytes());
			isStorage = true;

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (outputStream != null) {
				try {
					outputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return isStorage;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 读取数据（公共的）
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String ReadStoragePublic(String fileName) {
		boolean b1 = false;

		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		File file = new File(
				Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
				fileName);
		FileInputStream inputStream=null;
		BufferedReader br=null;
		try {
			inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
			String line =null;
			while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
				stringBuffer.append(line);
			}
			return stringBuffer.toString();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(inputStream!=null){
				try {
					inputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if(br!=null){
				try {
					br.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return null;

	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 写入一个外部存储(私有)
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean WriteStoragePrivate(Context context, String fileName,
			String content) {
		boolean isStorage = false;
		
		File file = new File(
				context.getExternalFilesDir(null),
				fileName);
		FileOutputStream outputStream = null;
		try {
			outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
			outputStream.write(content.getBytes());
			isStorage = true;

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (outputStream != null) {
				try {
					outputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return isStorage;
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 读取数据（私有的）
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * 存储路径：mmnt/Android/data/包名/files/text.txt
	 */
	public static String ReadStoragePrivate(Context context,String fileName) {
		boolean b1 = false;

		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		File file = new File(
				context.getExternalFilesDir(null),
				fileName);
		FileInputStream inputStream=null;
		BufferedReader br=null;
		try {
			inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
			String line =null;
			while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
				stringBuffer.append(line);
			}
			return stringBuffer.toString();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(inputStream!=null){
				try {
					inputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if(br!=null){
				try {
					br.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return null;

	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取文件字节总长度
	 * getExternalStorageDirectory()  sdcard的根目录
	 * @return
	 */
	public static long GetLenth(){
		File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "");
		long l =file.getTotalSpace();
		return  l;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取文件对象可以使用的字节长度
	 * getExternalStorageDirectory()  sdcard的根目录
	 * @return
	 */
	public static long GetFreeLenth(){
		File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "");
		long l =file.getFreeSpace();
		return  l;
	}
	/**
	 * 删除指定的文件
	 * getExternalStorageDirectory()  sdcard的根目录
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean DeleteData(String fileName){
//		File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),fileName);
		File file = new File(
				Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
				fileName);
		boolean b = file.delete();
		return  b;
	}
	
}

MainActivity:

package com.qianfeng.extranalstorage;

import com.qianfeng.extranalstorage.utils.SdCardUtils;

import android.R.bool;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private  final static String TAG = "MainActivity";
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	}

	public void onclickBtn(View v){
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.button1://检测外部设备是否可用
			boolean isAble= SdCardUtils.isExtraStorage();
			if(isAble){
				Log.i(TAG, "外部设备是可用");
			}else{
				Log.i(TAG, "外部设备是可用");
			}
			break;
			
			case R.id.button2:
				boolean b2 =SdCardUtils.WriteStoragePublic(MainActivity.this, "info.txt", "asdfghjkl");
				if(b2){
					Log.i(TAG, "写入到外部存储有效");
				}else{
					Log.i(TAG, "写入到外部存储无效");
				}
				break;
			case R.id.button3:
				String str = SdCardUtils.ReadStoragePublic("info.txt");
				Log.i(TAG, str);
				break;
		
			case R.id.button4:
				boolean b4 =SdCardUtils.WriteStoragePrivate(MainActivity.this, "text.txt", "好好学习");
				if(b4){
					Log.i(TAG, "444写入到外部存储有效");
				}else{
					Log.i(TAG, "444写入到外部存储无效");
				}
				
				break;
			case R.id.button5:
				String str1 = SdCardUtils.ReadStoragePrivate(MainActivity.this,"text.txt");
				Log.i(TAG, str1);
				break;
			case R.id.button6://获取指定文件的总字节长度
				long l = SdCardUtils.GetLenth();
				Log.i(TAG, "获取指定文件的总字节长度"+l);
				break;
			case R.id.button7://获取指定文件的剩余字节长度
				long l1 = SdCardUtils.GetFreeLenth();
				Log.i(TAG, "获取指定文件的剩余字节长度"+l1);
				break;
			case R.id.button8://删除指定的文件
				boolean b8 = SdCardUtils.DeleteData("info.txt");
				if(b8){
					Log.i(TAG, "删除指定的文件成功");
				}else{
					Log.i(TAG, "删除指定的文件失败");
				}
				break;

		default:
			break;
		}
	}

}

清单文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.qianfeng.extranalstorage"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
    <!-- 加读和写的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.qianfeng.extranalstorage.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>