Java延迟初始化的2种经典模式

静态域的延迟初始化：

	// Lazy initialization holder class idiom for static fields
	private static class FieldHolder {
		static final FieldType field = computeFieldValue();
	}
	static FieldType getField() {
		return FieldHolder.field;
	}

实例域的延迟初始化：

	// Double-check idiom for lazy initialization of instance fields
	private volatile FieldType field;
	
	FieldType getField() {
		FieldType result = field;
		if (result == null) { // First check (no locking)
			synchronized(this) {
				result = field;
				if (result == null) { // Second check (with locking)
					field = result = computeFieldValue();
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

参见《Effective Java第二版》第71条：慎用延迟初始化。