1 背景
最近在做一个小项目时候用到计算器,发现也没有想象的那么简单,做了两天才完成,下面先看下结果吧.
2 正则表达式的解析过程
其实,想让计算器正常工作,主要要处理的就是如何将表达式解析出来,能够由中缀表达式,变为后缀表达式.
如(2+3)*(4+5)+6,就是中缀表达式.
如何转换成后缀表达式呢?
过程如下:(入栈,2输出,+入栈,3输出,)需要把+弹出输出,然后和(抵消.这时输出为23+;然后*入栈,(入栈,4输出,+入栈,5输出,)需要把+弹出输出,然后和栈底(抵消;
然后是+,但是栈底部的*比+优先级大,所以弹出*输出,将+压入栈,然后输出6,结束了清栈,输出+,
最后得到的后缀表达式为23+45+*6+;
得到后缀表达式后,计算结果也差不太多,无非是取操作数,碰到啥符号就做什么运算,最后在栈里就一个结果了.
3 代码与实现
接下来,把所写的代码贴出来下:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <qstack.h>
#include <qstringlist.h>
#include <qmessagebox.h>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
ui->lbResult->setText("0");
ui->lbHouzhui->hide();
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"9";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"8";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"7";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_4_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"6";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_5_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"5";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_6_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"4";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_7_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"3";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_8_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"2";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_9_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"1";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_15_clicked()
{
QChar b=jisuanqi.at(jisuanqi.length()-1);
if(b=="/")
{
QMessageBox::information(NULL, "Title","YOU ARE ERROR");
}
else
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"0";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_10_clicked()
{
QString tmp;
QChar c=jisuanqi.at(jisuanqi.length()-1);
//tmp=jisuanqi.right(jisuanqi.size()-1);
//QMessageBox::information(NULL, "WARNING", c);
if (c=='+' || c=='-' ||c=='*' || c=='/')
{
QMessageBox::information(NULL, "Title","YOU ARE ERROR");
}
else
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"+";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_11_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"-";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_12_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"*";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_13_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"/";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_14_clicked()
{
//zhongzhui->houzhui
QStringList lstZhongzhui;
QStringList lstHouzhui;
QStack <QString> stack1;
//fenjie cheng zhong zhui
QString::const_iterator cit;
QString tmp;
for(cit=jisuanqi.cbegin();cit<jisuanqi.cend();cit++)
{
QString strchar=(*cit);
if (strchar=="(" || strchar==")" ||strchar=="+" ||strchar=="-"||strchar=="*"||strchar=="/")
{
if(!tmp.isEmpty())
{
lstZhongzhui.append(tmp);
tmp.clear();
}
lstZhongzhui.append(strchar);
}
else
{
tmp+=strchar;
if (cit==jisuanqi.cend()-1)
{
lstZhongzhui.append(tmp);
tmp.clear();
}
}
}
//zhongzhui->houzhui 12*13+14
for(int i = 0; i< lstZhongzhui.size();++i)
{
QString tmp = lstZhongzhui.at(i);
if (tmp.size()>0 && tmp!="(" && tmp!=")" && tmp!="+" && tmp!="-"&&tmp!="*"&&tmp!="/")
{
lstHouzhui.append(tmp);
}
else if (tmp=="(")
{
stack1.push(tmp);
}
else if (tmp==")")
{
//stack1.push(tmp);
while (1)
{
QString top =stack1.top();
if (top!="(")
{
lstHouzhui.append(stack1.pop());
}
else
{
stack1.pop();
break;
}
}
}
else if (tmp=="*"||tmp=="/")
{
stack1.push(tmp);
}
else if (tmp=="+"||tmp=="-")
{
while(stack1.size()>0)
{
QString top = stack1.top();
if (top=="*" ||top=="/")
{
lstHouzhui.append(stack1.pop());
}
else
{
break;
}
}
stack1.push(tmp);
}
if(i==lstZhongzhui.size()-1)
{
while (stack1.size()>0) lstHouzhui.append(stack1.pop());
}
}
//houzhui->result
stack1.clear();
for(int i = 0; i< lstHouzhui.size();++i)
{
QString tmp = lstHouzhui.at(i);
if (tmp.size()>0 && tmp!="(" && tmp!=")" && tmp!="+" && tmp!="-"&&tmp!="*"&&tmp!="/")
{
stack1.append(tmp);
}
else if (tmp=="+" || tmp=="-" || tmp=="/" || tmp=="*")
{
bool bok;
QString stop1 = stack1.pop();
QString stop2 = stack1.pop();
double dop1,dop2;
dop1= stop1.toDouble(&bok);
dop2= stop2.toDouble(&bok);
double result=0.0;
QString strResult;
if (tmp=="+") result = dop1+dop2;
else if (tmp=="-") result = dop2-dop1;
else if (tmp=="*") result =dop1*dop2;
else if (tmp=="/") result = dop2/dop1;
strResult= QString::number(result, 10, 2);
stack1.push(strResult);
}
}
QString strRes;
strRes = stack1.pop();
QString strZhongzhui;
QString strHouzhui;
for(int i = 0; i< lstZhongzhui.size();++i)
{
QString tmp = lstZhongzhui.at(i);
strZhongzhui+=tmp;
}
ui->lbZhongzhui->setText(strZhongzhui);
for(int i = 0; i< lstHouzhui.size();++i)
{
QString tmp = lstHouzhui.at(i);
strHouzhui+=tmp;
}
ui->lbHouzhui->setText(strHouzhui);
ui->lbResult->setText(strRes);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_16_clicked()
{
jisuanqi="";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_17_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+"(";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_18_clicked()
{
jisuanqi=jisuanqi+")";
ui->lbResult->setText(jisuanqi);
}