7-49 Have Fun with Numbers（20 分）

7-49 Have Fun with Numbers（20 分）

题目描述：

Notice that the number 123456789 is a 9-digit number consisting exactly the numbers from 1 to 9, with no duplication. Double it we will obtain 246913578, which happens to be another 9-digit number consisting exactly the numbers from 1 to 9, only in a different permutation. Check to see the result if we double it again!

Now you are suppose to check if there are more numbers with this property. That is, double a given number with k digits, you are to tell if the resulting number consists of only a permutation of the digits in the original number.

Input Specification:
Each input contains one test case. Each case contains one positive integer with no more than 20 digits.

Output Specification:
For each test case, first print in a line “Yes” if doubling the input number gives a number that consists of only a permutation of the digits in the original number, or “No” if not. Then in the next line, print the doubled number.

Sample Input:
1234567899

Sample Output:
Yes
2469135798

思路：

用一个字符数组存储数字字符串，用一个int数组保存字符串中出现的数字的次数，并在乘2过程中动态跟新这个字符串和int数组，若int数组中的值最后全为0，且乘2后的字符串不产生进位，则说明这个数是成立的。

代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
	char s[20];                      //存放整数字符串
	int a[10];                       //a[i]存放数字i出现的次数  
	memset(a,0,sizeof(a));			//初始化a[i]为0；					
	scanf("%s",s);
	
	int len=strlen(s),f=0,i;        //f为进位标志位
	
	for(i=len-1;i>=0;i--)
	{
		int k;
		k=s[i]-'0';                 //k表示字符串数组中第i位的数字
		a[k]++;	
	
		s[i]=(char)((k*2+f)%10+'0'); //乘2后字符串数组的值要改变
		
		a[(k*2+f)%10]--;             //减去乘2后数字出现的次数
		if((k*2+f)>=10)																	
		{
			f=1;
		}	
		else f=0;
	}
	if(f==1)                         //最后位数超过原来的位数时
	{
		printf("No\n");
		printf("%c%s",'1',s);
	}
	else
	{
		for(i=0;i<10;i++)
		{
			if(a[i]!=0)             //当乘2后的数字出现变化时
			{
				printf("No\n%s",s);break;
			}
		}
		if(i==10)          
		{
			printf("Yes\n%s",s);
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}