opencv学习-Feature-Feature Description

1 SurfFeatureDetector检测图像中的surf特征 

2 计算特征向量，SurfDescriptorExtractor

3 再用强制匹配器匹配两幅图中的surf特征，使用BruteForceMatcher中的函数match。

例子如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/nonfree/features2d.hpp"
using namespace cv;
void readme();
/** @function main */
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
	
	Mat img_1 = imread( "1.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
	Mat img_2 = imread( "3.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
	if( !img_1.data || !img_2.data )
	{ return -1; }
	//-- Step 1: Detect the keypoints using SURF Detector
	int minHessian = 400;
	SurfFeatureDetector detector( minHessian );
	std::vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;
	detector.detect( img_1, keypoints_1 );
	detector.detect( img_2, keypoints_2 );
	//-- Step 2: Calculate descriptors (feature vectors)
	SurfDescriptorExtractor extractor;
	Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;
	extractor.compute( img_1, keypoints_1, descriptors_1 );
	extractor.compute( img_2, keypoints_2, descriptors_2 );
	//-- Step 3: Matching descriptor vectors with a brute force matcher
	BFMatcher matcher(NORM_L2);
	std::vector< DMatch > matches;
	matcher.match( descriptors_1, descriptors_2, matches );
	//-- Draw matches
	Mat img_matches;
	drawMatches( img_1, keypoints_1, img_2, keypoints_2, matches, img_matches );
	//-- Show detected matches
	imshow("Matches", img_matches );
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}
/** @function readme */
void readme()
{ std::cout << " Usage: ./SURF_descriptor <img1> <img2>" << std::endl; }

当然强行匹配效果是不理想，速度较慢。而FLANN特征匹配算法比较快。前两步与上述代码相同，第三步利用FlannBasedMatcher类进行特征匹配，并只保留好的特征匹配点，代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <opencv2/nonfree/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/nonfree/nonfree.hpp>
using namespace cv;
void readme();
/** @function main */
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
	Mat img_1 = imread( "1.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
Mat img_2 = imread( "3.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE );
if( !img_1.data || !img_2.data )
{ std::cout<< " --(!) Error reading images " << std::endl; return -1; }
//-- Step 1: Detect the keypoints using SURF Detector
int minHessian = 400;
SurfFeatureDetector detector( minHessian );
std::vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;
detector.detect( img_1, keypoints_1 );
detector.detect( img_2, keypoints_2 );
//-- Step 2: Calculate descriptors (feature vectors)
SurfDescriptorExtractor extractor;
Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;
extractor.compute( img_1, keypoints_1, descriptors_1 );
extractor.compute( img_2, keypoints_2, descriptors_2 );
//-- Step 3: Matching descriptor vectors using FLANN matcher
FlannBasedMatcher matcher;
std::vector< DMatch > matches;
matcher.match( descriptors_1, descriptors_2, matches );
double max_dist = 0; double min_dist = 100;
//-- Quick calculation of max and min distances between keypoints
for( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
{ double dist = matches[i].distance;
if( dist < min_dist ) min_dist = dist;
if( dist > max_dist ) max_dist = dist;
}
printf("-- Max dist : %f \n", max_dist );
printf("-- Min dist : %f \n", min_dist );
//-- Draw only "good" matches (i.e. whose distance is less than 2*min_dist )
//-- PS.- radiusMatch can also be used here.
std::vector< DMatch > good_matches;
for( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
{ if( matches[i].distance <= 2*min_dist )
{ good_matches.push_back( matches[i]); }
}
//-- Draw only "good" matches
Mat img_matches;
drawMatches( img_1, keypoints_1, img_2, keypoints_2,
			good_matches, img_matches, Scalar::all(-1), Scalar::all(-1),
			vector<char>(), DrawMatchesFlags::NOT_DRAW_SINGLE_POINTS );
//-- Show detected matches
imshow( "Good Matches", img_matches );

waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
/** @function readme */
void readme()
{ std::cout << " Usage: ./SURF_FlannMatcher <img1> <img2>" << std::endl; }

注意新版本头文件

#include <opencv2/nonfree/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/nonfree/nonfree.hpp>