定义:封装一个复杂对象构造过程,并允许按步骤构造。
定义解释: 我们可以将生成器模式理解为,假设我们有一个对象需要建立,这个对象是由多个组件(Component)组合而成,每个组件的建立都比较复杂,但运用组件来建立所需的对象非常简单,所以我们就可以将构建复杂组件的步骤与运用组件构建对象分离,使用builder模式可以建立。
生成器模式结构中包括四种角色:
(1)产品(Product):具体生产器要构造的复杂对象;
(2)抽象生成器(Bulider):抽象生成器是一个接口,该接口除了为创建一个Product对象的各个组件定义了若干个方法之外,还要定义返回Product对象的方法(定义构造步骤);
(3)具体生产器(ConcreteBuilder):实现Builder接口的类,具体生成器将实现Builder接口所定义的方法(生产各个组件);
(4)指挥者(Director):指挥者是一个类,该类需要含有Builder接口声明的变量。指挥者的职责是负责向用户提供具体生成器,即指挥者将请求具体生成器类来构造用户所需要的Product对象,如果所请求的具体生成器成功地构造出Product对象,指挥者就可以让该具体生产器返回所构造的Product对象。(按照步骤组装部件,并返回Product)
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
public class Computer
{
public string Master
{
set;
get;
}
public string Screen
{
set;
get;
}
public string Keyboard
{
set;
get;
}
public string Mouse
{
set;
get;
}
public string Audio
{
set;
get;
}
}
//ComputerBuilder类定义构造步骤:
public abstract class ComputerBuilder
{
protected Computer computer;
public Computer getComputer()
{
return computer;
}
public void buildComputer()
{
computer = new Computer();
Console.WriteLine("开始生成了一台电脑。");
}
public abstract void buildMaster();
public abstract void buildScreen();
public abstract void buildKeyboard();
public abstract void buildMouse();
public abstract void buildAudio();
}
//HPComputerBuilder定义各个组件:
public class HPComputerBuilder : ComputerBuilder
{
public override void buildMaster()
{
computer.Master = "i7,16g,512SSD,1060";
Console.WriteLine("选择主机:" + computer.Master);
}
public override void buildScreen()
{
computer.Screen = "1080p";
Console.WriteLine("选择显示屏:" + computer.Screen);
}
public override void buildKeyboard()
{
computer.Keyboard = "cherry 青轴机械键盘";
Console.WriteLine("选择键盘:" + computer.Keyboard);
}
public override void buildMouse()
{
computer.Mouse = "MI 鼠标";
Console.WriteLine("选择鼠标:" + computer.Mouse);
}
public override void buildAudio()
{
computer.Audio = "飞利浦 音响";
Console.WriteLine("选择音响:" + computer.Audio);
}
}
//Director类对组件进行组装并生成产品
public class Director
{
private ComputerBuilder computerBuilder;
public void setComputerBuilder(ComputerBuilder computerBuilder)
{
this.computerBuilder = computerBuilder;
}
public Computer getComputer()
{
return computerBuilder.getComputer();
}
public void constructComputer()
{
computerBuilder.buildComputer();
computerBuilder.buildMaster();
computerBuilder.buildScreen();
computerBuilder.buildKeyboard();
computerBuilder.buildMouse();
computerBuilder.buildAudio();
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Director director = new Director();
director.setComputerBuilder(new HPComputerBuilder());
director.constructComputer();
director.getComputer();
}
}
}