ubuntu20.04安装opencv(系统默认Python3.8)

方法1推荐

从预编译文件安装

#更新配置
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade


lsj@lsj-pc:~$ pip3 install opencv-python
Collecting opencv-python
  Downloading opencv_python-4.5.2.52-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (51.0 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 51.0 MB 33 kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.17.3 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from opencv-python) (1.17.4)
Installing collected packages: opencv-python
Successfully installed opencv-python-4.5.2.52
lsj@lsj-pc:~$ python3
Python 3.8.5 (default, Jan 27 2021, 15:41:15)
[GCC 9.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2 as cv
>>> print(cv.__version__)
4.5.2

方法2

源码方式安装

1.下载opencv

mkdir opencv_build 
cd opencv_build
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib
#如果克隆太慢可以进入链接下载

2.安装OpenCV4.5.2

• 安装依赖

新建窗口

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev
sudo apt install python3-pip
sudo apt install cmake
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-numpy
sudo apt install gcc g++
sudo apt install libxslt1-dev libffi-dev
sudo apt install at-spi2-core
sudo apt install build-essential libncursesw5-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev
sudo apt install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt install zlib1g-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev
sudo apt install libssl-dev openssl libffi-dev
sudo apt install libblas-dev liblapack-dev gfortran
sudo apt install libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt install nasm libtool
sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev libgtk2.0-dev libavutil-dev libswscale-dev libasound2-dev libspeex-dev
sudo apt install v4l-utils libopenexr-dev
sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt install libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev

• 进入opencv文件夹

cd opencv  #下载后的路径
mkdir build  # cmake都是在build路径正式执行编译，所以需要手动创建
cd build

• 编写cmkae配置命令

cmake一下，注意：如果已经在新的文件夹中编译，但是还会出现之前的报错，把cmakecache.txt删了再编译就可。

cmake -D WITH_CUDA=OFF \
-D WITH_VTK=OFF \
-D WITH_MATLAB=OFF \
-D BUILD_DOCS=ON \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D OPENCV_PYTHON3_VERSION=3.8 \
-D PYTHON3_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/python3.8 \
-D PYTHON3_LIBRARIES=/usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.so \
-D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3.8 \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/lsj/opencv_build/opencv_contrib/modules \
-D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include  \
-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
..

成功后出现下面界面

• 执行编译及安装

make -j4
sudo make install

• 配置opencv

sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf 

打开空白文件之后把代码添加到后面保存退出

/usr/local/lib  

再更新bash.bashrc 

sudo ldconfig  
sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc  
# 把下面内容填写到最下面
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig  
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

 

• 更新配置

source /etc/bash.bashrc
sudo updatedb

• 测试一下

 

pkg-config --modversion opencv4

# 输出
4.5.2