RT-Thread PIN设备驱动框架

1、设备驱动框架层定义的PIN设备如下：

struct rt_device_pin
{
    struct rt_device parent;
    const struct rt_pin_ops *ops;
};

2、设备驱动框架层定义的PIN设备操作方法如下：

struct rt_pin_ops
{
    void (*pin_mode)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin, rt_uint8_t mode);
    void (*pin_write)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin, rt_uint8_t value);
    rt_int8_t  (*pin_read)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin);
    rt_err_t (*pin_attach_irq)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin,
            rt_uint8_t mode, void (*hdr)(void *args), void *args);
    rt_err_t (*pin_detach_irq)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin);
    rt_err_t (*pin_irq_enable)(struct rt_device *device, rt_base_t pin, rt_uint8_t enabled);
    rt_base_t (*pin_get)(const char *name);
};

2.1 pin_get接口

厂商对引脚的定义一般是PA0,PE15,P10,P415等。为了兼容各个硬件平台，设计pin_get函数，该函数的作用是给每个引脚用数字编号，从0开始。比如针对STM32,pin_get函数使PA0-PA15的值为0-15，PB0-PB15的值是16-31，这样各个引脚经过pin_get调用后都返回1个唯一的编号。类似编码的过程。

2.2 pin_mode

设置引脚接口。有个参数是pin，那么这个函数需要解码，假设pin=0，则需要解析出是对PA0进行操作。

3、注册PIN设备

对全局变量_hw_pin赋值，之后对所有PIN设备的操作都是通过调用_hw_pin。

int rt_device_pin_register(const char *name, const struct rt_pin_ops *ops, void *user_data)
{
    _hw_pin.parent.type         = RT_Device_Class_Miscellaneous;
    _hw_pin.parent.rx_indicate  = RT_NULL;
    _hw_pin.parent.tx_complete  = RT_NULL;

#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICE_OPS
    _hw_pin.parent.ops          = &pin_ops;
#else
    _hw_pin.parent.init         = RT_NULL;
    _hw_pin.parent.open         = RT_NULL;
    _hw_pin.parent.close        = RT_NULL;
    _hw_pin.parent.read         = _pin_read;
    _hw_pin.parent.write        = _pin_write;
    _hw_pin.parent.control      = _pin_control;
#endif

    _hw_pin.ops                 = ops;
    _hw_pin.parent.user_data    = user_data;

    /* register a character device */
    rt_device_register(&_hw_pin.parent, name, RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDWR);

    return 0;
}

4、PIN设备驱动框架接口关系