ubuntu 18上 install python 3.8 并实现软链接

在ubuntu上已经有不少python版本，在编译不同版本的yocto的时候，会用到不同 version 的python， 需要进行切换。

yocto branch dunfell 编译需要用到的是python 3.8.18， 原有的python 3.5，需要进行更新。

1. download python 3.8.10
   wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.18/Python-3.8.18.tgz
   如果从windows下载并拷贝过去，解压的时候有可能会报错
   tar -xzvf Python-3.8.18.tgz

2. ./configure
   Python-3.8.18$ ./configure 后面不要跟prefix=/usr/bin 在后续make install的时候会存放在/usr/bin 以及 /usr/local/bin下

3. make
   Python-3.8.18$ make

4. sudo make install
   Python-3.8.18$ sudo make install

5. 当前的python指向 python3.8.18

原有的python

/usr/bin$ ls -ll python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9 4月  21  2023 python -> python3.5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9 4月  16  2018 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3628976 9月  30  2020 python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 9月  30  2020 python2.7-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 4月  16  2018 python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9 10月 25  2018 python3 -> python3.6
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4452016 10月  8  2019 python3.5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 10月  8  2019 python3.5-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.5-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4452016 10月  8  2019 python3.5m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      34 10月  8  2019 python3.5m-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.5m-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4526456 3月  11  2023 python3.6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 3月  11  2023 python3.6-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.6-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4526456 3月  11  2023 python3.6m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      34 3月  11  2023 python3.6m-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.6m-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 10月 25  2018 python3-config -> python3.6-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      10 10月 25  2018 python3m -> python3.6m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      17 10月 25  2018 python3m-config -> python3.6m-config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    2555 7月  20  2017 python-argcomplete-check-easy-install-script3
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     314 7月  20  2017 python-argcomplete-tcsh3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      31 8月  26  2021 python-config -> /usr/local/bin/python3.6-config在这里插入代码片

修改后的python
使用command: ln -s /usr/local/python 3.8 /usr/bin/python 来重新软链接

/usr/bin$ ls -ll python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      24 5月   8 14:45 python -> /usr/local/bin/python3.8
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9 4月  16  2018 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3628976 9月  30  2020 python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 9月  30  2020 python2.7-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 4月  16  2018 python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9 10月 25  2018 python3 -> python3.6
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4452016 10月  8  2019 python3.5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 10月  8  2019 python3.5-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.5-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4452016 10月  8  2019 python3.5m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      34 10月  8  2019 python3.5m-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.5m-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4526456 3月  11  2023 python3.6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33 3月  11  2023 python3.6-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.6-config
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4526456 3月  11  2023 python3.6m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      34 3月  11  2023 python3.6m-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python3.6m-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 10月 25  2018 python3-config -> python3.6-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      10 10月 25  2018 python3m -> python3.6m
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      17 10月 25  2018 python3m-config -> python3.6m-config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    2555 7月  20  2017 python-argcomplete-check-easy-install-script3
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     314 7月  20  2017 python-argcomplete-tcsh3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      31 5月   8 14:54 python-config -> /usr/local/bin/python3.8-config

Python-3.8.18$ python --version
Python 3.8.18