机器视觉 python+mediapipe+opencv 实现背景分割（图片背景变换，视频背景变换）（直播）

一、mediapipe是什么？

mediapipe官网

二、使用步骤

1.引入库

代码如下：

import cv2
import mediapipe as mp
import numpy as np

2.主代码

代码如下：

mp_drawing = mp.solutions.drawing_utils
mp_selfie_segmentation = mp.solutions.selfie_segmentation

'''# For static images:
IMAGE_FILES = []
BG_COLOR = (192, 192, 192) # gray
MASK_COLOR = (255, 255, 255) # white
with mp_selfie_segmentation.SelfieSegmentation(
    model_selection=0) as selfie_segmentation:
  for idx, file in enumerate(IMAGE_FILES):
    image = cv2.imread(file)
    image_height, image_width, _ = image.shape
    # Convert the BGR image to RGB before processing.
    results = selfie_segmentation.process(cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))

    # Draw selfie segmentation on the background image.
    # To improve segmentation around boundaries, consider applying a joint
    # bilateral filter to "results.segmentation_mask" with "image".
    condition = np.stack((results.segmentation_mask,) * 3, axis=-1) > 0.1
    # Generate solid color images for showing the output selfie segmentation mask.
    fg_image = np.zeros(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
    fg_image[:] = MASK_COLOR
    bg_image = np.zeros(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
    bg_image[:] = BG_COLOR
    output_image = np.where(condition, fg_image, bg_image)
    cv2.imwrite('/tmp/selfie_segmentation_output' + str(idx) + '.png', output_image)'''

# For webcam input:
BG_COLOR = (192, 192, 192) # gray
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
with mp_selfie_segmentation.SelfieSegmentation(
    model_selection=1) as selfie_segmentation:
  bg_image = None  #背景图片
  while cap.isOpened():
    success, image = cap.read()
    if not success:
      print("Ignoring empty camera frame.")
      # If loading a video, use 'break' instead of 'continue'.
      continue

    # Flip the image horizontally for a later selfie-view display, and convert
    # the BGR image to RGB.
    image = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.flip(image, 1), cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    # To improve performance, optionally mark the image as not writeable to
    # pass by reference.
    image.flags.writeable = False
    results = selfie_segmentation.process(image)

    image.flags.writeable = True
    image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

    # Draw selfie segmentation on the background image.
    # To improve segmentation around boundaries, consider applying a joint
    # bilateral filter to "results.segmentation_mask" with "image".
    condition = np.stack(
      (results.segmentation_mask,) * 3, axis=-1) > 0.1
    # The background can be customized.
    #   a) Load an image (with the same width and height of the input image) to
    #      be the background, e.g., bg_image = cv2.imread('/path/to/image/file')
    #   b) Blur the input image by applying image filtering, e.g.,
    #      bg_image = cv2.GaussianBlur(image,(55,55),0)
    if bg_image is None:
      bg_image = np.zeros(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
      bg_image[:] = BG_COLOR
    output_image = np.where(condition, image, bg_image)

    cv2.imshow('MediaPipe Selfie Segmentation', output_image)
    if cv2.waitKey(5) & 0xFF == 27:
      break
cap.release()

3.运行结果

以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了mediapipe的使用，而mediapipe提供了大量关于图像识别等的方法。