1.Hibernate环境搭建与入门

1.Hibernate包简介

hibernate3.jar: Hibernate的核心库，没有什么可说的，必须使用的jar包

dom4j.jar: dom4j是一个Java的XML API，类似于jdom，用于读写XMl文件

commons-collections.jar： Apache Commons包中的一个，包含了一些Apache开发的集合类，功能比java.util.*强大。必须使用的jar包

antlr-2.7.6.jar：语言转换工,Hibernate利用它实现 HQL 到 SQL的转换

slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:sfl4j，新版hibernate已经用log4j了

slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar：slf4j到log4j的桥梁

javassist-3.9.0.GA.jar:代理

jta-1.1.jar：事务管理

log4j-1.2.17.jar：log4j，日志打印

2.搭建实例

环境：tomcat+myeclipese+mysql+hierbate3

1.引入相关包

antlr-2.7.6.jar
commons-collections-3.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate3.jar
javassist-3.9.0.GA.jar
jta-1.1.jar
log4j-1.2.17.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar
slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar
slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar

2.创建hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    	<!-- 方言 mysql -->
    	<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    	<!-- 数据库连接信息 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
    	<!-- 打印执行的sql -->
    	<property name="show_sql">true</property>
    	<!-- 映射的实体 -->
		<mapping resource="com/shm/entity/User.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3.创建实体类User.java与User.hbm.xml

package com.shm.entity;

public class User {
	private int id;
	private String userName;
	private String password;
	private String trueName;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getTrueName() {
		return trueName;
	}
	public void setTrueName(String trueName) {
		this.trueName = trueName;
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.shm.entity.User" table="user" >
		<id name="id" type="int" column="id">
			<generator class="increment"></generator>
		</id>
		<property name="userName" type="java.lang.String"  column="user_name"
			length="100">
		</property>
		<property name="password" type="java.lang.String"  column="password"
			length="100">
		</property>
		<property name="trueName" type="java.lang.String" length="100" column="true_name">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

4.写用例测试HibernateDemo

public class HibernateDemo {
	
	@Test
	public void testAdd(){
		User user = new User();
		user.setUserName("root");
		user.setPassword("孙");
		user.setTrueName("孙");

		//Hibernate常用的四个API Configuration SessionFactory Session Query
		// 解析hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
		// 创建SessionFactory(创建连接池)
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
		// 创建Session
		Session session =  sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 创建及开启事务对象
		Transaction tran = session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			session.save(user);
			tran.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			tran.rollback();
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(session != null){
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testDel(){
		//Hibernate常用的四个API Configuration SessionFactory Session Query
		// 解析hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
		// 创建SessionFactory(创建连接池)
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
		// 创建Session
		Session session =  sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 创建及开启事务对象
		Transaction tran = session.beginTransaction();
		try {
			User user = (User)session.get(User.class, 2);
			session.delete(user);
			tran.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			tran.rollback();
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(session != null){
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void testQuery(){
		//Hibernate常用的四个API Configuration SessionFactory Session Query
		// 解析hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
		// 创建SessionFactory(创建连接池)
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
		// 创建Session
		Session session =  sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 创建及开启事务对象*/
		Transaction tran = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try {
			Query query = session.createQuery("from User");
			List<User> us = query.list();
			for(User u  : us){
				System.out.println(u.getUserName());
			}
			tran.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			tran.rollback();
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		}
	}
}

5.封装Hibernate的API：Configruation与SessionFactory

/**
 * 单例封装
 *  
 * @author yzx
 *
 */
public class HibernateUtil {
	private static Configuration configuration = null;
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
	static{
		if(configuration == null){
			configuration = new Configuration().configure();
		}
		if(sessionFactory == null){
			sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
		}
	}
	
	public static Session getSession(){
		return sessionFactory.openSession();
	}
	
	public static void closeSession(Session session){
		if(session != null){
			session.close();
		}
	}
}