2018年01月_星空探索

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原创 Linux printk

printk("A0:%lld\n", ktime_to_ns(ktime_get())); printk("A1:%lld\n", ktime_to_ns(ktime_get()));[ 40.059130] A0:40056438422[ 40.061813] A1:40059121391[ 40.064527] A0:40061834828

2018-01-24 09:41:14 630

原创 ext4 节点inode.i_block描述

The Contents of inode.i_block Depending on the type of file an inode describes, the 60 bytes of storage in inode.i_block can be used in different ways. In general, regular files and directories will

2018-01-09 13:49:24 1102

原创 ext4 节点表

Inode Table In a regular UNIX filesystem, the inode stores all the metadata pertaining to the file (time stamps, block maps, extended attributes, etc), not the directory entry. To find the informatio

2018-01-09 13:46:40 523

Block and inode Bitmaps The data block bitmap tracks the usage of data blocks within the block group. The inode bitmap records which entries in the inode table are in use. As with most bitmaps, one bi

2018-01-09 13:43:19 632

原创 ext4 块组介绍

Block Group Descriptors Each block group on the filesystem has one of these descriptors associated with it. As noted in the Layout section above, the group descriptors (if present) are the second ite

2018-01-09 13:39:26 903

原创 EXT4 超级块介绍

The Super Block The superblock records various information about the enclosing filesystem, such as block counts, inode counts, supported features, maintenance information, and more. If the sparse_supe

2018-01-09 13:35:48 1723

原创 ext4 Overview

Overview An ext4 file system is split into a series of block groups. To reduce performance difficulties due to fragmentation, the block allocator tries very hard to keep each file's blocks within t

2018-01-09 11:25:58 430

原创 ext4 Terminology

Terminology ext4 divides a storage device into an array of logical blocks both to reduce bookkeeping overhead and to increase throughput by forcing larger transfer sizes. Generally, the block size

2018-01-09 11:24:17 220

原创 ext4 创建文件系统

Creating ext4 filesystems Creating a new ext4 filesystem is very easy once you have upgraded to e2fsprogs 1.41 or later. Simply type: # mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/DEV or # mkfs.ext4 /dev/DEV Once the files

2018-01-09 11:17:07 3245

转载 ext4 General Information

General Information Ext4 was released as a functionally complete and stable filesystem in Linux 2.6.28, and it's getting included in all the modern distros (in some cases as the default fs), so if you

2018-01-09 11:15:49 173

翻译 ext4 EXT4 features

EXT4 features Compatibility Any existing Ext3 filesystem can be mounted as Ext4 without requiring any on-disk format changes. However, it is possible to upgrade an Ext3 filesystem to take advantage

2018-01-09 11:12:08 578

原创 ext4 log1

ext4_map_blocks(): inode 8, flag 0, max_blocks 1,logical block 0ext4_map_blocks(): inode 8, flag 0, max_blocks 1,logical block 0ext4_map_blocks(): inode 8, flag 0, max_blocks 1,logical block 1ex

2018-01-08 14:29:56 209

原创 ext4 block map log

blocks 0/1 requested for inode 8 size=88584192blocks 1/1 requested for inode 8 size=88584192blocks 2/1 requested for inode 8 size=88584192blocks 3/1 requested for inode 8 size=88584192bloc

2018-01-08 14:28:30 257

原创 Linux buffer_head

enum bh_state_bits { BH_Uptodate, /* Contains valid data */ BH_Dirty, /* Is dirty */ BH_Lock, /* Is locked */ BH_Req, /* Has been submitted for I/O */

2018-01-07 18:00:43 789

原创 ext4 extent 寻址方案

Extent Tree In ext4, the file to logical block map has been replaced with an extent tree. Under the old scheme, allocating a contiguous run of 1,000 blocks requires an indirect block to map all 1,000

2018-01-06 21:18:36 726

原创 ext4 直接和间接块寻址

Direct/Indirect Block Addressing In ext2/3, file block numbers were mapped to logical block numbers by means of an (up to) three level 1-1 block map. To find the logical block that stores a particul

2018-01-06 19:43:27 1288

原创 ext4 fs format

$ sudo mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdcmke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!Proceed anyway? (y,n) yFilesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fra

2018-01-06 10:42:41 450

原创 ext4 block info

Disk /dev/sdc: 15.5 GB, 15472047104 bytes32 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14989 cylinders, total 30218842 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512

2018-01-06 10:35:07 197

原创 ext4 节点映射块

/* * The ext4_map_blocks() function tries to look up the requested blocks, * and returns if the blocks are already mapped. * * Otherwise it takes the write lock of the i_data_sem and allocate

2018-01-05 20:26:12 587

原创 ext4 定位块所在的块组

/* * The free blocks are managed by bitmaps. A file system contains several * blocks groups. Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode

2018-01-05 20:17:46 464

原创 ext4 读取块组下的节点位图

/* * Read the inode allocation bitmap for a given block_group, reading * into the specified slot in the superblock's bitmap cache. * Return buffer_head of bitmap on success or NULL. */static stru

2018-01-05 20:08:06 868

原创 ext4 分配节点核心层操作

static struct inode *alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb){ struct inode *inode; if (sb->s_op->alloc_inode) inode = sb->s_op->alloc_inode(sb); else inode = kmem_cach

2018-01-05 19:58:53 606

原创 ext4 分配节点ext4_alloc_inode

/* * Called inside transaction, so use GFP_NOFS */static struct inode *ext4_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb){ struct ext4_inode_info *ei; ei = kmem_cache_alloc(ext4_inode_cachep

2018-01-05 19:44:40 742

原创 EXT4之mount可选项

static const match_table_t tokens = { {Opt_bsd_df, "bsddf"}, {Opt_minix_df, "minixdf"}, {Opt_grpid, "grpid"}, {Opt_grpid, "bsdgroups"}, {Opt_nogrpid, "nogrpid"}, {Opt_nogrpid, "sysvgroups"

2018-01-03 09:16:26 2448