朋友问我RC4,整理一下
RC4简介
RC4加密算法是大名鼎鼎的RSA三人组中的头号人物Ronald Rivest在1987年设计的密钥长度可变的流加密算法簇。之所以称其为簇,是由于其核心部分的S-box长度可为任意,但一般为256字节。该算法的速度可以达到DES加密的10倍左右,且具有很高级别的非线性。RC4起初是用于保护商业机密的。但是在1994年9月,它的算法被发布在互联网上,也就不再有什么商业机密了。RC4也被叫做ARC4(Alleged RC4——所谓的RC4),因为RSA从来就没有正式发布过这个算法。
基本原理
密钥的主要功能是生成伪随机子密码与明文进行xor(或)运算,得到密文,解密过程也完全相同。
一种写法
public class RC4 {
public static String decry_RC4(byte[] data, String key) {
if (data == null || key == null) {
return null;
}
return asString(RC4Base(data, key));
}
public static String decry_RC4(String data, String key) {
if (data == null || key == null) {
return null;
}
return new String(RC4Base(HexString2Bytes(data), key));
}
public static byte[] encry_RC4_byte(String data, String key) {
if (data == null || key == null) {
return null;
}
byte b_data[] = data.getBytes();
return RC4Base(b_data, key);
}
public static String encry_RC4_string(String data, String key) {
if (data == null || key == null) {
return null;
}
return toHexString(asString(encry_RC4_byte(data, key)));
}
private static String asString(byte[] buf) {
StringBuffer strbuf = new StringBuffer(buf.length);
for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
strbuf.append((char) buf[i]);
}
return strbuf.toString();
}
private static byte[] initKey(String aKey) {
byte[] b_key = aKey.getBytes();
byte state[] = new byte[256];
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
state[i] = (byte) i;
}
int index1 = 0;
int index2 = 0;
if (b_key == null || b_key.length == 0) {
return null;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
index2 = ((b_key[index1] & 0xff) + (state[i] & 0xff) + index2) & 0xff;
byte tmp = state[i];
state[i] = state[index2];
state[index2] = tmp;
index1 = (index1 + 1) % b_key.length;
}
return state;
}
private static String toHexString(String s) {
String str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
int ch = (int) s.charAt(i);
String s4 = Integer.toHexString(ch & 0xFF);
if (s4.length() == 1) {
s4 = '0' + s4;
}
str = str + s4;
}
return str;// 0x表示十六进制
}
private static byte[] HexString2Bytes(String src) {
int size = src.length();
byte[] ret = new byte[size / 2];
byte[] tmp = src.getBytes();
for (int i = 0; i < size / 2; i++) {
ret[i] = uniteBytes(tmp[i * 2], tmp[i * 2 + 1]);
}
return ret;
}
private static byte uniteBytes(byte src0, byte src1) {
char _b0 = (char)Byte.decode("0x" + new String(new byte[] { src0 }))
.byteValue();
_b0 = (char) (_b0 << 4);
char _b1 = (char)Byte.decode("0x" + new String(new byte[] { src1 }))
.byteValue();
byte ret = (byte) (_b0 ^ _b1);
return ret;
}
private static byte[] RC4Base (byte [] input, String mKkey) {
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
byte key[] = initKey(mKkey);
int xorIndex;
byte[] result = new byte[input.length];
for (int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
x = (x + 1) & 0xff;
y = ((key[x] & 0xff) + y) & 0xff;
byte tmp = key[x];
key[x] = key[y];
key[y] = tmp;
xorIndex = ((key[x] & 0xff) + (key[y] & 0xff)) & 0xff;
result[i] = (byte) (input[i] ^ key[xorIndex]);
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
String inputStr = "This is a test";
String key = "111111111111";
String str = encry_RC4_string(inputStr, key);
System.out.println(str);
System.out.println(decry_RC4(str, key));
}
}
另外一种写法
public class RcTest {
public static String RonaldRC4(String aInput, String aKey) {
int[] iS = new int[256];
byte[] iK = new byte[256];
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
iS[i] = i;
int j = 1;
for (short i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
iK[i] = (byte) aKey.charAt((i % aKey.length()));
}
j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 255; i++) {
j = (j + iS[i] + iK[i]) % 256;
int temp = iS[i];
iS[i] = iS[j];
iS[j] = temp;
}
int i = 0;
j = 0;
char[] iInputChar = aInput.toCharArray();
char[] iOutputChar = new char[iInputChar.length];
for (short x = 0; x < iInputChar.length; x++) {
i = (i + 1) % 256;
j = (j + iS[i]) % 256;
int temp = iS[i];
iS[i] = iS[j];
iS[j] = temp;
int t = (iS[i] + (iS[j] % 256)) % 256;
int iY = iS[t];
char iCY = (char) iY;
iOutputChar[x] = (char) (iInputChar[x] ^ iCY);
}
return new String(iOutputChar);
}
// 转化字符串为十六进制编码
public static String toHexString(String s) {
String str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
int ch = (int) s.charAt(i);
String s4 = Integer.toHexString(ch);
str = str + s4;
}
return str;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String inputStr = "This is a test";
String key = "1234564";
String str = RonaldRC4(inputStr, key);
// 打印加密后的字符串
System.out.println(toHexString(str));
System.out.println(str);
// 打印解密后的字符串
System.out.println(RonaldRC4(str, key));
}
}