wchar、char_t、char16_t、char32_t

wchar&wstring

来自《C++ primer》

The wchar_t type is guaranteed to be large enough to hold any character in the machine’s largest extended character set. The types char16_t and char32_t are intended for Unicode characters.

在VS2015上进行试验，用下面的方式：

wchar_t ch(L'');

cout << hex << ch << endl;

打印字符的unicode16进制编码（VS源码文件为UTF-8带BOM编码，初始化ch的字符来自unicode字符集直接复制得到，网页编码为utf-8，复制得到的字符编码也为utf-8）