目录:http://blog.csdn.net/tdl1001/article/details/7888182
DirectX11-教程3(上):http://blog.csdn.net/w18767104183/article/details/7551405
下面我们来看一下新的D3DClass头文件:
D3dclass.h
// Filename: d3dclass.h
#ifndef _D3DCLASS_H_
#define _D3DCLASS_H_
在我们的头文件中首先要指定用于链接的、需要使用的类所在的库文件。这些库可以完成设置和绘制3D图形,还有专门与硬件通信得函数来获取显示刷新率、可用的显卡等信息。你可能已发现仍然使用了一些DirectX10的库文件,因为有些功能在DirectX11中和之前版本一样,就直接使用原来的库了。
/
// LINKING //
/
#pragma comment(lib, "dxgi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "d3d11.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx11.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx10.lib")
然后我们要包含这些lib库文件对应的头文件,也要包含DirectX类型定义的头文件。
//
// INCLUDES //
//
#include <dxgi.h>
#include <d3dcommon.h>
#include <d3d11.h>
#include <d3dx10math.h>
这里D3DClass的定义尽量保持简单。包含一个常有的构造函数、复制构造函数和析构函数。注意它有Initialize函数和Shutdown函数。这篇教程会重点讲它们。另外还有一些辅助函数和一些私有变量,当我们看D3DClass.cpp时会提到这些变量。现在只讲最关键的Initialize和Shutdown函数。
// Class name: D3DClass
class D3DClass
{
public:
D3DClass();
D3DClass(const D3DClass&);
~D3DClass();
bool Initialize(int, int, bool, HWND, bool, float, float);
void Shutdown();
void BeginScene(float, float, float, float);
void EndScene();
ID3D11Device* GetDevice();
ID3D11DeviceContext* GetDeviceContext();
void GetProjectionMatrix(D3DXMATRIX&);
void GetWorldMatrix(D3DXMATRIX&);
void GetOrthoMatrix(D3DXMATRIX&);
void GetVideoCardInfo(char*, int&);
private:
bool m_vsync_enabled;
int m_videoCardMemory;
char m_videoCardDescription[128];
IDXGISwapChain* m_swapChain;
ID3D11Device* m_device;
ID3D11DeviceContext* m_deviceContext;
ID3D11RenderTargetView* m_renderTargetView;
ID3D11Texture2D* m_depthStencilBuffer;
ID3D11DepthStencilState* m_depthStencilState;
ID3D11DepthStencilView* m_depthStencilView;
ID3D11RasterizerState* m_rasterState;
D3DXMATRIX m_projectionMatrix;
D3DXMATRIX m_worldMatrix;
D3DXMATRIX m_orthoMatrix;
};
#endif
如果你已经了解过Direct3D,你可能注意到这里没有包含一个观察矩阵。因为我把它放到了camera类中,后面我们会提到。
D3dclass.cpp
// Filename: d3dclass.cpp
#include "d3dclass.h"
像大部分类一样,我们在构造函数中首先将成员指针设置为空。所有在头文件中的成员指针都在这里。
D3DClass::D3DClass()
{
m_swapChain = 0;
m_device = 0;
m_deviceContext = 0;
m_renderTargetView = 0;
m_depthStencilBuffer = 0;
m_depthStencilState = 0;
m_depthStencilView = 0;
m_rasterState = 0;
}
D3DClass::D3DClass(const D3DClass& other)
{
}
D3DClass::~D3DClass()
{
}
Initialize函数负责DirectX11中的D3D所有的初始化。这里有必需的和以后会用到的代码。我可以简化,但最好还是能覆盖后续相关的例子。
函数中screenWidth和screenHeight两个参数是我们在SystemClass中创建的窗口的宽和高。Direct3D需要使用它们来创建相同尺寸的窗口。hwnd参数是一个窗口的句柄,Direct3D需要通过它来访问之前创建的窗口。fullscreen指定我们运行在窗口模式还是全屏模式,也用于创建窗口。screenDepth和screenNear用于设置渲染在窗口里的3D场景的景深。vsync参数用于表示我们是否希望Direct3D按照显示刷新率的速度渲染还是最快可能的渲染。
bool D3DClass::Initialize(int screenWidth, int screenHeight, bool vsync, HWND hwnd, bool fullscreen,
float screenDepth, float screenNear)
{
HRESULT result;
IDXGIFactory* factory;
IDXGIAdapter* adapter;
IDXGIOutput* adapterOutput;
unsigned int numModes, i, numerator, denominator, stringLength;
DXGI_MODE_DESC* displayModeList;
DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC adapterDesc;
int error;
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapChainDesc;
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevel;
ID3D11Texture2D* backBufferPtr;
D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depthBufferDesc;
D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC depthStencilDesc;
D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC depthStencilViewDesc;
D3D11_RASTERIZER_DESC rasterDesc;
D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport;
float fieldOfView, screenAspect;
// Store the vsync setting.
m_vsync_enabled = vsync;
初始化Direct3D之前,我们需要从显卡或显示器获得刷新率。每台电脑都有部分差别,所以我们需要再查询一下。我们先查询表示刷新率的分数的分子分母,DirectX会用它们计算出正确的刷新率。如果我们设置一个计算机不支持的值,那么显示的时候会采用复制像素的方式而不是交换缓冲区,这样会降低性能并在调试时输出很多错误。
// Create a DirectX graphics interface factory.
result = CreateDXGIFactory(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory), (void**)&factory);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Use the factory to create an adapter for the primary graphics interface (video card).
result = factory->EnumAdapters(0, &adapter);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Enumerate the primary adapter output (monitor).
result = adapter->EnumOutputs(0, &adapterOutput);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Get the number of modes that fit the DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM display format for the adapter output (monitor).
result = adapterOutput->GetDisplayModeList(DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, DXGI_ENUM_MODES_INTERLACED, &numModes, NULL);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Create a list to hold all the possible display modes for this monitor/video card combination.
displayModeList = new DXGI_MODE_DESC[numModes];
if(!displayModeList)
{
return false;
}
// Now fill the display mode list structures.
result = adapterOutput->GetDisplayModeList(DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, DXGI_ENUM_MODES_INTERLACED, &numModes, displayModeList);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Now go through all the display modes and find the one that matches the screen width and height.
// When a match is found store the numerator and denominator of the refresh rate for that monitor.
for(i=0; i<numModes; i++)
{
if(displayModeList[i].Width == (unsigned int)screenWidth)
{
if(displayModeList[i].Height == (unsigned int)screenHeight)
{
numerator = displayModeList[i].RefreshRate.Numerator;
denominator = displayModeList[i].RefreshRate.Denominator;
}
}
}
我们现在有了用于计算刷新率的分子分母,最后我们再获取显卡名称和显存大小
// Get the adapter (video card) description.
result = adapter->GetDesc(&adapterDesc);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Store the dedicated video card memory in megabytes.
m_videoCardMemory = (int)(adapterDesc.DedicatedVideoMemory / 1024 / 1024);
// Convert the name of the video card to a character array and store it.
error = wcstombs_s(&stringLength, m_videoCardDescription, 128, adapterDesc.Description, 128);
if(error != 0)
{
return false;
}
现在我们保存了足够的信息,可以释放用于查询这些信息的结构体和指针了
// Release the display mode list.
delete [] displayModeList;
displayModeList = 0;
// Release the adapter output.
adapterOutput->Release();
adapterOutput = 0;
// Release the adapter.
adapter->Release();
adapter = 0;
// Release the factory.
factory->Release();
factory = 0;
可以开始初始化了。首先设置交换链的描述体。交换链包含显卡绘制使用的前后缓冲区。通常使用一个后缓冲,在它上进行所有的绘制,然后与前缓存交换后在屏幕上显示出来。因此叫交换链。
// Initialize the swap chain description.
ZeroMemory(&swapChainDesc, sizeof(swapChainDesc));
// Set to a single back buffer.
swapChainDesc.BufferCount = 1;
// Set the width and height of the back buffer.
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Width = screenWidth;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Height = screenHeight;
// Set regular 32-bit surface for the back buffer.
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
接下来设置的是刷新率。刷新率是一秒钟将后缓冲交换到前缓冲多少次。如果设置graphicsclass.h中的vsync为真,则我们将刷新率锁定到系统的设置(例如60hz)。表示我们每秒只绘制60次画面(如果系统刷新率大于60,这里也会大于)。当然如果vsync为假,则会尽可能多的绘制,但可能会有些视觉问题。
// Set the refresh rate of the back buffer.
if(m_vsync_enabled)
{
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = numerator;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = denominator;
}
else
{
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 0;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
}
// Set the usage of the back buffer.
swapChainDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
// Set the handle for the window to render to.
swapChainDesc.OutputWindow = hwnd;
// Turn multisampling off.
swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
// Set to full screen or windowed mode.
if(fullscreen)
{
swapChainDesc.Windowed = false;
}
else
{
swapChainDesc.Windowed = true;
}
// Set the scan line ordering and scaling to unspecified.
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.ScanlineOrdering = DXGI_MODE_SCANLINE_ORDER_UNSPECIFIED;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Scaling = DXGI_MODE_SCALING_UNSPECIFIED;
// Discard the back buffer contents after presenting.
swapChainDesc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD;
// Don't set the advanced flags.
swapChainDesc.Flags = 0;
设置完交换链的描述体,我们还需要设置一个叫特性级别的变量。这个变量告诉DirectX我们想用哪个版本的dx。这里设置的11.0表示DirectX11。如果希望支持多版本或在低端设备上运行,你也可以设置为10或9来用低版本的DirectX。
// Set the feature level to DirectX 11.
featureLevel = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
交换链描述体和特性级别设置好后,我们就可以创建交换链、D3d设备、D3d设备上下文。D3d设备和D3d设备上下文很重要,它们是所有Direct3D函数的接口,因此几乎所有地方都需要使用它们。
如果你了解之前版本的DirectX,你肯定记得D3d设备,但对D3d设备上下文很模式。之前版本的D3d设备的功能被拆分成现在的两个类里面,所以你现在两个类都要用。
如果用户没有支持DirectX11的显卡,那么创建设备和设备上下文时会失败。如果你想测试DirectX11的功能却没有支持DirectX11的显卡,可以用D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE来替换D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,这时DirectX会使用CPU来替代显卡完成绘制。注意这种模式速度只有使用显卡的千分之一,但对那些现在没有DirectX11显卡的人来说却足够了。
// Create the swap chain, Direct3D device, and Direct3D device context.
result = D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, NULL, 0, &featureLevel, 1,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &swapChainDesc, &m_swapChain, &m_device, NULL, &m_deviceContext);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
如果你的主显卡不支持DirectX11,创建设备的调用会失败。例如你用DirectX10显卡做主显卡,而用DirectX11显卡做从显卡。还有一些混合显卡优先使用低功耗的Intel显卡而将高功耗的Nvidia显卡用做替补。为了解决这个问题,你不能使用默认设备,而需要枚举所有的显卡然后让用户选择一个用于设备的创建。
现在我们有了一个交换链,还需要获得一个后缓存的指针并将它绑定到交换链。我们使用CreateRenderTargetView函数来绑定。
// Get the pointer to the back buffer.
result = m_swapChain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&backBufferPtr);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Create the render target view with the back buffer pointer.
result = m_device->CreateRenderTargetView(backBufferPtr, NULL, &m_renderTargetView);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Release pointer to the back buffer as we no longer need it.
backBufferPtr->Release();
backBufferPtr = 0;
我们还需要一个深度缓存描述体。它用来创建深度缓存,然后我们的多边形才能够在三维空间正确显示。有时我们还同时指定模板缓存。模板缓存可以实现一些特效,例如:动态模糊、阴影体等。
// Initialize the description of the depth buffer.
ZeroMemory(&depthBufferDesc, sizeof(depthBufferDesc));
// Set up the description of the depth buffer.
depthBufferDesc.Width = screenWidth;
depthBufferDesc.Height = screenHeight;
depthBufferDesc.MipLevels = 1;
depthBufferDesc.ArraySize = 1;
depthBufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;
depthBufferDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
depthBufferDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
depthBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;
depthBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL;
depthBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;
depthBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
我们可以使用描述体创建深度模板缓存了。你可能注意到我们使用的是CreateTexture2D函数,因为深度模板缓存就是个2D的texture。当多边形经过拣选和光栅化后,最终的结果就是保存在2D缓存上不同颜色的像素。然后这些缓存的图像被显示到屏幕。
// Create the texture for the depth buffer using the filled out description.
result = m_device->CreateTexture2D(&depthBufferDesc, NULL, &m_depthStencilBuffer);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
我们可以设置深度模板的描述体了。我们设置好深度检测的方式,然后Direct3D会对每个像素进行检查。
// Initialize the description of the stencil state.
ZeroMemory(&depthStencilDesc, sizeof(depthStencilDesc));
// Set up the description of the stencil state.
depthStencilDesc.DepthEnable = true;
depthStencilDesc.DepthWriteMask = D3D11_DEPTH_WRITE_MASK_ALL;
depthStencilDesc.DepthFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_LESS;
depthStencilDesc.StencilEnable = true;
depthStencilDesc.StencilReadMask = 0xFF;
depthStencilDesc.StencilWriteMask = 0xFF;
// Stencil operations if pixel is front-facing.
depthStencilDesc.FrontFace.StencilFailOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
depthStencilDesc.FrontFace.StencilDepthFailOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_INCR;
depthStencilDesc.FrontFace.StencilPassOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
depthStencilDesc.FrontFace.StencilFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;
// Stencil operations if pixel is back-facing.
depthStencilDesc.BackFace.StencilFailOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
depthStencilDesc.BackFace.StencilDepthFailOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_DECR;
depthStencilDesc.BackFace.StencilPassOp = D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
depthStencilDesc.BackFace.StencilFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;
用填充好的描述体可以创建深度模板状态
// Create the depth stencil state.
result = m_device->CreateDepthStencilState(&depthStencilDesc, &m_depthStencilState);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
设置好深度模板状态,就起作用了。注意我们通过设备上下文来设置
// Set the depth stencil state.
m_deviceContext->OMSetDepthStencilState(m_depthStencilState, 1);
下面我们需要创建深度模板视图的描述体,它告知Direct3D将深度缓存当深度模板纹理。然后调用CreateDepthStencilView来创建它。
// Initailze the depth stencil view.
ZeroMemory(&depthStencilViewDesc, sizeof(depthStencilViewDesc));
// Set up the depth stencil view description.
depthStencilViewDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;
depthStencilViewDesc.ViewDimension = D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;
depthStencilViewDesc.Texture2D.MipSlice = 0;
// Create the depth stencil view.
result = m_device->CreateDepthStencilView(m_depthStencilBuffer, &depthStencilViewDesc, &m_depthStencilView);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
然后就可以调用OMSetRenderTargets了,这个函数将渲染目标视图和深度模板缓存绑定到输出管线。然后显卡将最终图像渲染到我们此前创建的后缓存。渲染完毕将后缓存交换到前面显示到屏幕。
// Bind the render target view and depth stencil buffer to the output render pipeline.
m_deviceContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &m_renderTargetView, m_depthStencilView);
设置好渲染目标后,我们看一下其它后面会用到的函数。首先我们创建一个可以控制怎么渲染的光栅状态。我们可以选择线框模式渲染或显示多面体的前后面。DirectX有一个设置好的默认值,和我们下面设置的一样。但你只有自己设置的渲染状态才可以改变。
// Setup the raster description which will determine how and what polygons will be drawn.
rasterDesc.AntialiasedLineEnable = false;
rasterDesc.CullMode = D3D11_CULL_BACK;
rasterDesc.DepthBias = 0;
rasterDesc.DepthBiasClamp = 0.0f;
rasterDesc.DepthClipEnable = true;
rasterDesc.FillMode = D3D11_FILL_SOLID;
rasterDesc.FrontCounterClockwise = false;
rasterDesc.MultisampleEnable = false;
rasterDesc.ScissorEnable = false;
rasterDesc.SlopeScaledDepthBias = 0.0f;
// Create the rasterizer state from the description we just filled out.
result = m_device->CreateRasterizerState(&rasterDesc, &m_rasterState);
if(FAILED(result))
{
return false;
}
// Now set the rasterizer state.
m_deviceContext->RSSetState(m_rasterState);
为了将裁剪体空间正确映射到渲染目标空间,视口需要被正确设置。这里设置为窗口大小。
// Setup the viewport for rendering.
viewport.Width = (float)screenWidth;
viewport.Height = (float)screenHeight;
viewport.MinDepth = 0.0f;
viewport.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
viewport.TopLeftX = 0.0f;
viewport.TopLeftY = 0.0f;
// Create the viewport.
m_deviceContext->RSSetViewports(1, &viewport);
可以创建投影矩阵了。投影矩阵用于将3D坐标转换到刚才创建的2D视口空间。还需要传递给shaders一个投影矩阵的拷贝来进行实际的渲染。
// Setup the projection matrix.
fieldOfView = (float)D3DX_PI / 4.0f;
screenAspect = (float)screenWidth / (float)screenHeight;
// Create the projection matrix for 3D rendering.
D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&m_projectionMatrix, fieldOfView, screenAspect, screenNear, screenDepth);
还需要创建另一个矩阵:世界矩阵,用来将顶点坐标由物体坐标系转换到世界坐标系。它可以实现物体的旋转、移动、缩放。现在我们只将它初始化为单位矩阵。在渲染时也需要将它的拷贝传递给shaders。
// Initialize the world matrix to the identity matrix.
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&m_worldMatrix);
还可以在这里创建视点矩阵,视点矩阵用于计算我们观察场景时所处的位置。你可以把它想象为一个照相机,通过这个照相机观察整个场景。因此从逻辑上它更应该放在cameraClass里面,后面的教程会讲到,这里就不提了。
Initialize函数最后创建一个正交矩阵,渲染用户界面等2D元素时会用到它。当后面我们讲到2D渲染和字符显示时还会提到它。
// Create an orthographic projection matrix for 2D rendering.
D3DXMatrixOrthoLH(&m_orthoMatrix, (float)screenWidth, (float)screenHeight, screenNear, screenDepth);
return true;
}
Shutdown函数会释放并清除Initialize函数中使用的指针,很明了。但在清理之前我先强制将交换链切换到窗口模式,如果没这样做而在全屏模式释放交换链会抛出异常。所以在关闭Direct3D前我们还是强制为窗口模式以免报错。
void D3DClass::Shutdown()
{
// Before shutting down set to windowed mode or when you release the swap chain it will throw an exception.
if(m_swapChain)
{
m_swapChain->SetFullscreenState(false, NULL);
}
if(m_rasterState)
{
m_rasterState->Release();
m_rasterState = 0;
}
if(m_depthStencilView)
{
m_depthStencilView->Release();
m_depthStencilView = 0;
}
if(m_depthStencilState)
{
m_depthStencilState->Release();
m_depthStencilState = 0;
}
if(m_depthStencilBuffer)
{
m_depthStencilBuffer->Release();
m_depthStencilBuffer = 0;
}
if(m_renderTargetView)
{
m_renderTargetView->Release();
m_renderTargetView = 0;
}
if(m_deviceContext)
{
m_deviceContext->Release();
m_deviceContext = 0;
}
if(m_device)
{
m_device->Release();
m_device = 0;
}
if(m_swapChain)
{
m_swapChain->Release();
m_swapChain = 0;
}
return;
}
在D3DClass里有一堆帮助函数。前两个是BeginScene和EndScene。BeginScene会在每一帧开始绘制3D场景前调用。它只清空后续要使用的缓存。EndScene则在所有绘制完成后告诉交换链显示最终结果
void D3DClass::BeginScene(float red, float green, float blue, float alpha)
{
float color[4];
// Setup the color to clear the buffer to.
color[0] = red;
color[1] = green;
color[2] = blue;
color[3] = alpha;
// Clear the back buffer.
m_deviceContext->ClearRenderTargetView(m_renderTargetView, color);
// Clear the depth buffer.
m_deviceContext->ClearDepthStencilView(m_depthStencilView, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0);
return;
}
void D3DClass::EndScene()
{
// Present the back buffer to the screen since rendering is complete.
if(m_vsync_enabled)
{
// Lock to screen refresh rate.
m_swapChain->Present(1, 0);
}
else
{
// Present as fast as possible.
m_swapChain->Present(0, 0);
}
return;
}
后面的函数只是简单的返回D3d设备和D3d设备上下文。在框架中会经常用到它们
ID3D11Device* D3DClass::GetDevice()
{
return m_device;
}
ID3D11DeviceContext* D3DClass::GetDeviceContext()
{
return m_deviceContext;
}
紧接着三个帮助函数返回投影矩阵、视点矩阵、正交矩阵。因为大部分shaders需要这些矩阵,通过这些很方便的获得这些数据。我只是解释为什么需要他们,但今天不会用到它们
void D3DClass::GetProjectionMatrix(D3DXMATRIX& projectionMatrix)
{
projectionMatrix = m_projectionMatrix;
return;
}
void D3DClass::GetWorldMatrix(D3DXMATRIX& worldMatrix)
{
worldMatrix = m_worldMatrix;
return;
}
void D3DClass::GetOrthoMatrix(D3DXMATRIX& orthoMatrix)
{
orthoMatrix = m_orthoMatrix;
return;
}
最后一个帮助函数返回显卡名称和显存大小。在不同配置的电脑上知道这些会有助于调试
void D3DClass::GetVideoCardInfo(char* cardName, int& memory)
{
strcpy_s(cardName, 128, m_videoCardDescription);
memory = m_videoCardMemory;
return;
}
小结
我们不但可以初始化和清理D3d还能显示一种颜色。编译并运行会显示和上一节一样的窗口,只是可以初始化D3d并显示了灰色。编译运行也能验证编译器是否配置好,是否能使用DirectX SDK里的头文件和库文件。