1.什么是联合概率分布?
联合概率分布简称联合分布,是两个及以上随机变量组成的随机向量的概率分布。根据随机变量的不同,联合概率分布的表示形式也不同。对于离散型随机变量,联合概率分布可以以列表的形式表示,也可以以函数的形式表示;对于连续型随机变量,联合概率分布通过一非负函数的积分表示。
2. 举例说明联合概率分布
打靶时命中的坐标(x,y)的概率分布就是联合概率分布(涉及两个随机变量),其他同样类比
3.离散型联合概率分布
以下摘自百度百科:
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D156/sign=d6f502edb312c8fcb0f3f2c8ca0292b4/5bafa40f4bfbfbed0f1a46b272f0f736aec31fbf.jpg)
其中
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D149/sign=1a3f8e68db43ad4ba22e42c4bb035a89/2f738bd4b31c87016287c12b2d7f9e2f0608ffce.jpg)
变量X和Y的联合分布完全决定X的概率分布和Y的概率分布(称作
联合分布的边缘分布):
![](https://gss1.bdstatic.com/-vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D327/sign=e109c1c839fa828bd5239be1ca1e41cd/0ff41bd5ad6eddc40cedf13633dbb6fd536633f0.jpg)
![](https://gss2.bdstatic.com/9fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D328/sign=741c0b7494510fb37c197195e131c893/b21bb051f8198618a4abaa4940ed2e738ad4e60b.jpg)
对于多维(维数大于等于3)离散型随机变量
的联合概率分布以此类推。
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D90/sign=a0385de29fcad1c8d4bbf0277e3e1122/4bed2e738bd4b31c1777d9768dd6277f9f2ff8b0.jpg)
题目详解:
假设X和Y都是离散型分布 先看X的概率分布: X 0 1 p 0.4 0.6 再看Y的概率分布: Y 0 1 2 p 0.25 0.5 0.25 又因为X与Y相互独立,所以(X,Y)的联合概率分布为: X\Y 0 1 2 0 0.1 0.2 0.1 1 0.15 0.3 0.15 P(X<Y)=P(X=0,Y=1)+P(X=0,Y=2)+P(X=1,Y=2)=0.2+0.1+0.15=0.45
4.连续型联合概率分布
两者的关系如下:
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D219/sign=5f460e2287b1cb133a693b12e45656da/f9dcd100baa1cd11196517edb312c8fcc2ce2d2f.jpg)
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/7Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D133/sign=d326dda99eeef01f49141cc6d3fc99e0/71cf3bc79f3df8dcb6a9eb5cc711728b46102862.jpg)
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D47/sign=73737b66093b5bb5bad721f937d3f47a/a71ea8d3fd1f4134cc4d7fb32f1f95cad0c85e80.jpg)
![](https://gss2.bdstatic.com/9fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D36/sign=09cdc5b849a98226bcc12d218b82abb8/b7003af33a87e950d723b4a11a385343faf2b4c3.jpg)
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D36/sign=1174af395bda81cb4ae685cb53667148/54fbb2fb43166d22f35052594c2309f79152d2dc.jpg)
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/7Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D268/sign=def178a8b919ebc4c478719fba24cf79/1c950a7b02087bf4ad111024f8d3572c10dfcf7a.jpg)
![](https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D268/sign=fba585fe798da9774a2f812d8850f872/622762d0f703918f11d97b075b3d269758eec4f7.jpg)
对于多维(维数大于等于3)连续型随机变量
的联合概率分布以此类推。
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D90/sign=a0385de29fcad1c8d4bbf0277e3e1122/4bed2e738bd4b31c1777d9768dd6277f9f2ff8b0.jpg)