二百三十七、Hive——DWS层生成每个清洗字段的异常情况记录

天地风雷水火山泽

已于 2024-05-23 10:11:43 修改

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分类专栏： Hive 文章标签： hive hadoop 数据仓库

于 2024-05-21 20:22:24 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tiantang2renjian/article/details/139101187

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一、目的

在Hive中对每种业务数据的清洗字段的异常数据进行记录

例如这张图，上面是原始数据，下面是每台雷达每天的异常字段的记录

二、实施步骤

（一）建表

create  table  if not exists  dws_data_clean_record_queue(
    data_type      int        comment '1:转向比,2:统计,3:评价,4:区域,5:过车,6:静态排队,7:动态排队,8:轨迹,9:事件数据,10:事件资源',
    device_no      string     comment '设备编号',
    create_time    timestamp  comment '创建时间',
    field_name     string     comment '字段名',
    field_value    string     comment '字段值'
)
comment '静态排队数据清洗记录表'
partitioned by (day string)
stored as orc
;

（二）SQL

1、运行比较简单，但代码比较难

with t3 as(
select
       device_no,
       case when device_no is null then CONCAT('device_no:','null')  END AS device_no_value,
       create_time,
       case when lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255 then CONCAT('lane_no:', CAST(lane_no AS STRING)) END AS lane_no_value,
       case when queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500 then CONCAT('queue_len:', CAST(queue_len AS STRING))  END AS queue_len_value,
       case when queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_head:', CAST(queue_head AS STRING))  END AS queue_head_value,
       case when queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_tail:', CAST(queue_tail AS STRING))  END AS queue_tail_value,
       case when queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100  then  CONCAT('queue_count:', CAST(queue_count AS STRING))  END AS queue_count_value,
       concat_ws(',',
                case when device_no is null then CONCAT('device_no:','null') end ,
                case when lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255 then CONCAT('lane_no:', CAST(lane_no AS STRING)) END ,
                case when queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500 then CONCAT('queue_len:', CAST(queue_len AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_head:', CAST(queue_head AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_tail:', CAST(queue_tail AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100  then  CONCAT('queue_count:', CAST(queue_count AS STRING))  END
                ) AS kv_pairs  ,
       day
from (select
        t1.device_no,
        substr(create_time,1,19)                        create_time ,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.laneNo')           lane_no,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueLen')         queue_len,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueHead')        queue_head,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueTail')        queue_tail,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueCount')       queue_count,
        date(t1.create_time)                            day
    from (
    select
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.deviceNo')         device_no,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.createTime')       create_time,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.queueList')        queue_list
    from hurys_dc_ods.ods_queue
        where day='2024-05-15'
        ) as t1
lateral view explode(split(regexp_replace(regexp_replace(queue_list,
                                                '\\[|\\]','') ,
                        '\\}\\,\\{','\\}\\;\\{'),
                  '\\;')
          )list_queue as list_json
    )  as t2
        )
insert  overwrite  table  hurys_dc_dws.dws_data_clean_record_queue partition(day)
select
    '6' data_type,
    t3.device_no,
    create_time,
    split(pair, ':')[0] AS field_name,
    split(pair, ':')[1] AS field_value,
    day
from t3
lateral view explode(split(t3.kv_pairs , ',')) exploded_table AS pair
where device_no_value is not null or queue_len_value is not null or lane_no_value is not null
or queue_head_value is not null or queue_tail_value is not null or queue_count_value is not null
;

注意

（1）t1是解析JSON一级原始数据

（2）t2是解析JSON二级原始数据，得到所有的字段

（3）t3是利用case when和CONCAT，对每个检测字段的字段名和异常值进行拼接。最重要的是，利用concat_ws生成各种检测字段的键值对kv_pairs

（4）最后，则是利用lateral view explode(split）对键值对进行炸开，然后切分每个字段，形成field_name和field_value

（5）另外，最后where指定条件，键值对里面的字段总要非空

2、运行比较耗资源、但代码简单

with t2 as(
    select
        t1.device_no,
        substr(create_time,1,19)                        create_time ,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.laneNo')           lane_no,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueLen')         queue_len,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueHead')        queue_head,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueTail')        queue_tail,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueCount')       queue_count,
        date(t1.create_time)                            day
from (
    select
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.deviceNo')         device_no,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.createTime')       create_time,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.queueList')        queue_list
    from hurys_dc_ods.ods_queue
        where day='2024-05-15'
) as t1
lateral view explode(split(regexp_replace(regexp_replace(queue_list,
                                                '\\[|\\]','') ,
                        '\\}\\,\\{','\\}\\;\\{'),
                  '\\;')
          )list_queue as list_json
)
insert  overwrite  table  hurys_dc_dws.dws_data_clean_record_queue partition(day)
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'device_no' field_name ,
       case when device_no is null then device_no END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where device_no is null
union all
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'lane_no'  field_name ,
       case when lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255 then lane_no END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255
union all
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'queue_len'  field_name ,
       case when queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500 then queue_len END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where  queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500
union all
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'queue_head'  field_name ,
       case when queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500 then queue_head END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where  queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500
union all
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'queue_tail'  field_name ,
       case when queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500 then queue_tail END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where  queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500
union all
select
       '6' data_type,
       device_no,
       create_time,
       'queue_count'  field_name ,
       case when queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100 then queue_count END AS field_value ,
       day
from t2
where queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100
;

（1）特点：每个字段union判断笨方法

（三）查看表结果

花了一天时间终于搞定，又前进了一小步！加油啊，少年

2024年5月22日续写

（四）海豚调度任务T+1插入

#! /bin/bash
source /etc/profile

nowdate=`date --date='0 days ago' "+%Y%m%d"`
yesdate=`date -d yesterday +%Y-%m-%d`

hive -e "
use hurys_dc_dws;

set hive.vectorized.execution.enabled=false;

set hive.exec.dynamic.partition=true;
set hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
set hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions.pernode=1000;
set hive.exec.max.dynamic.partitions=2000;

with t3 as(

select
       device_no,
       case when device_no is null then CONCAT('device_no:','null')  END AS device_no_value,
       create_time,
       case when lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255 then CONCAT('lane_no:', CAST(lane_no AS STRING)) END AS lane_no_value,
       case when queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500 then CONCAT('queue_len:', CAST(queue_len AS STRING))  END AS queue_len_value,
       case when queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_head:', CAST(queue_head AS STRING))  END AS queue_head_value,
       case when queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_tail:', CAST(queue_tail AS STRING))  END AS queue_tail_value,
       case when queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100  then  CONCAT('queue_count:', CAST(queue_count AS STRING))  END AS queue_count_value,
       concat_ws(',',
                case when device_no is null then CONCAT('device_no:','null') end ,
                case when lane_no < 0 or lane_no >255 then CONCAT('lane_no:', CAST(lane_no AS STRING)) END ,
                case when queue_len < 0 or queue_len > 500 then CONCAT('queue_len:', CAST(queue_len AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_head < 0 or queue_head > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_head:', CAST(queue_head AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_tail < 0 or queue_tail > 500 then  CONCAT('queue_tail:', CAST(queue_tail AS STRING))  END,
                case when queue_count < 0 or queue_count > 100  then  CONCAT('queue_count:', CAST(queue_count AS STRING))  END
                ) AS kv_pairs  ,
       day
from (select
        t1.device_no,
        substr(create_time,1,19)                        create_time ,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.laneNo')           lane_no,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueLen')         queue_len,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueHead')        queue_head,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueTail')        queue_tail,
        get_json_object(list_json,'$.queueCount')       queue_count,
        date(t1.create_time)                            day
    from (
    select
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.deviceNo')         device_no,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.createTime')       create_time,
       get_json_object(queue_json,'$.queueList')        queue_list
    from hurys_dc_ods.ods_queue
        where day= '$yesdate'
        ) as t1
lateral view explode(split(regexp_replace(regexp_replace(queue_list,
                                                '\\\\[|\\\\]','') ,    
                                 '\\\\}\\\\,\\\\{','\\\\}\\\\;\\\\{'), 
                   '\\\\;')
          )list_queue as list_json
    )  as t2
where day = '$yesdate'
        )
insert  overwrite  table  hurys_dc_dws.dws_data_clean_record_queue partition(day)
select
    '6' data_type,
    t3.device_no,
    create_time,
    split(pair, ':')[0] AS field_name,
    split(pair, ':')[1] AS field_value,
    day
from t3
lateral view explode(split(t3.kv_pairs , ',')) exploded_table AS pair
where device_no_value is not null or queue_len_value is not null or lane_no_value is not null
or queue_head_value is not null or queue_tail_value is not null or queue_count_value is not null
"