判断线段与圆弧的交点

最近项目中用到需要判断线段与圆弧的相交性问题，上网查找了下竟然发现没有相关的文章或代码，苦苦探索了下，想了个可行的方法，项目中使用到直线段由两个点表示，圆弧是由3个点按照逆时针的顺序给出。

基本思路如下：

1. 通过圆弧的3点可以求出圆弧所在圆的圆心与半径，从而确定圆C。

2. 我们可以先判断线段与圆C有没有交点，如果没有说明没有相交，如果有转到3。

3.如果有交点，先分别求出由圆心与圆弧起始点构成的向量A，圆心与圆弧结束点构成的向量B以及每个交点与圆心构成的向量Ci，接着求出AB的倒角 α 以及ACi的倒角 β，如果 β<=α 说明相交。

通过其中两点的中垂线交点求圆心，用圆心和其中的一个点可以求得半径。求圆心以及圆半径示意图：

FVector2D 是UE4中的2D向量类

1. bool isLineCrossArc(FVector2D LineStart, FVector2D LineStop, FVector2D ArcStart, FVector2D ArcArc, FVector2D ArcStop)

2. {

4. //求出圆心以及半径

5. FVector2D MidPt1, MidPt2;

6. MidPt1 = (ArcStart + ArcArc) / 2.0;

7. MidPt2 = (ArcArc + ArcStop) / 2.0;

9. float K1 = -(ArcArc.X - ArcStart.X) / (ArcArc.Y - ArcStart.Y);

10. float K2 = -(ArcStop.X - ArcArc.X) / (ArcStop.Y - ArcArc.Y);

12. FVector2D Center;

13. Center.X = (MidPt2.Y - MidPt1.Y - K2 * MidPt2.X + K1 * MidPt1.X) / (K1 - K2);

14. Center.Y = MidPt1.Y + K1 * (MidPt2.Y - MidPt1.Y - K2 * MidPt2.X + K2 * MidPt1.X) / (K1 - K2);

16. float Radius = FVector2D::Distance(Center, ArcStart);

18. // 求出线段与圆的交点

19. float Dis = FVector2D::Distance(LineStart, LineStop);

20. FVector2D D = (LineStop - LineStart) / Dis;

22. FVector2D E = Center - LineStart;

23. float A = E.X * D.X + E.Y * D.Y;

24. float A2 = A * A;

25. float E2 = E.X * E.X + E.Y * E.Y;

26. float R2 = Radius * Radius;

28. std::vector<FVector2D> ResultPoints;

30. if ((R2 - E2 + A2) < 0)

31. {

32. return false;

33. }

34. else

35. {

36. float F = FMath::Sqrt(R2 - E2 + A2);

37. float T = A - F;

38. if ((T > -0.000001) && (T - Dis) < 0.000001)

39. {

40. FVector2D IntersectionP1 = LineStart + T * D;

41. ResultPoints.push_back(IntersectionP1);

42. }

44. T = A + F;

46. if ((T > -0.000001) && (T - Dis) < 0.000001)

47. {

48. FVector2D IntersectionP2 = LineStart + T * D;

49. ResultPoints.push_back(IntersectionP2);

50. }

51. }

53. ArcStart = (ArcStart - Center).GetSafeNormal();

54. float AngleStart = FMath::Acos(ArcStart.X);

56. if (ArcStart.Y < 0.0f)

57. {

58. AngleStart *= -1.0f;

59. }

61. ArcStop = (ArcStop - Center).GetSafeNormal();

62. float AngleEnd = FMath::Acos(ArcStop.X);

64. if (ArcStop.Y < 0.0f)

65. {

66. AngleEnd *= -1.0f;

67. }

69. float ArcAngle = AngleEnd - AngleStart;

71. ArcAngle > 0 ? ArcAngle = ArcAngle : ArcAngle = 2 * PI + ArcAngle;

73. for (int i = 0; i < ResultPoints.size(); ++i)

74. {

75. FVector2D IntersectionP(ResultPoints[i].X, ResultPoints[i].Y);

76. IntersectionP = (IntersectionP - Center).GetSafeNormal();

77. float Angle = FMath::Acos(IntersectionP.X);

79. if (IntersectionP.Y < 0.0f)

80. {

81. Angle *= -1.0f;

82. }

83. Angle = Angle - AngleStart;

84. Angle > 0 ? Angle = Angle : Angle = 2 * PI + Angle;

86. if (Angle < ArcAngle)

87. return true;

88. }

89. }

90. return false;

91. }

 

由于项目中涉及到的几何运算比较多，cgal库又比较大，后面项目中使用了Wykobi这个库，因此最后的代码为

1. bool MathUtil::isLineCrossArc(FVector2D LineStart, FVector2D LineStop, FVector2D ArcStart, FVector2D ArcArc, FVector2D ArcStop)

2. {

4. //求圆与线段的交点

5. wykobi::point2d<float> A = wykobi::make_point<float>(LineStart.X, LineStart.Y);

6. wykobi::point2d<float> B = wykobi::make_point<float>(LineStop.X, LineStop.Y);

7. wykobi::segment<float, 2> AB = wykobi::make_segment<float>(A, B);

9. wykobi::point2d<float> P1 = wykobi::make_point<float>(ArcStart.X, ArcStart.Y);

10. wykobi::point2d<float> P2 = wykobi::make_point<float>(ArcArc.X, ArcArc.Y);

11. wykobi::point2d<float> P3 = wykobi::make_point<float>(ArcStop.X, ArcStop.Y);

12. std::vector<wykobi::point2d<float>> Result;

14. wykobi::circle<float> Circle = wykobi::make_circle(P1, P2, P3);

15. FVector2D Center(Circle.x, Circle.y);

17. wykobi::intersection_point(AB, Circle, std::back_inserter(Result));

19. ArcStart = (ArcStart - Center).GetSafeNormal();

20. float AngleStart = FMath::Acos(ArcStart.X);

22. if (ArcStart.Y < 0.0f)

23. {

24. AngleStart *= -1.0f;

25. }

27. ArcStop = (ArcStop - Center).GetSafeNormal();

28. float AngleEnd = FMath::Acos(ArcStop.X);

30. if (ArcStop.Y < 0.0f)

31. {

32. AngleEnd *= -1.0f;

33. }

35. float ArcAngle = AngleEnd - AngleStart;

37. ArcAngle > 0 ? ArcAngle = ArcAngle : ArcAngle = 2 * PI + ArcAngle;

39. for (int i = 0; i < Result.size(); ++i)

40. {

41. FVector2D IntersectionP(Result[i].x, Result[i].y);

42. IntersectionP = (IntersectionP - Center).GetSafeNormal();

43. float Angle3 = FMath::Acos(IntersectionP.X);

45. if (IntersectionP.Y < 0.0f)

46. {

47. Angle3 *= -1.0f;

48. }

49. Angle3 = Angle3 - AngleStart;

50. Angle3 > 0 ? Angle3 = Angle3 : Angle3 = 2 * PI + Angle3;

52. if (Angle3 < ArcAngle)

53. return true;

54. }

56. return false;

57. }

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The Computational Geometry Algorithms Library (cgal.org)

Wykobi Computational Geometry Library

 

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